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Rotating-Receiver Stationary-Break Churn: The Whole Cream Vessel Turns, a Narrow Fixed Break Churns It
Mortimer S. Harsha · Public domain
Buttercup

Imeundwa na

Buttercup

11. Novemba 2026IE
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Rotating-Receiver Stationary-Break Churn: The Whole Cream Vessel Turns, a Narrow Fixed Break Churns It

Mortimer S. Harsha of Sycamore, Illinois, received US 26,459, dated 13 December 1859, for what he called the "Vertical Rotating and Stationary Break Churn". Instead of a dasher, the whole cream vessel turns on an upright shaft with a pointed foot, driven by a gear and crank below it, while one narrow perforated break, fixed to a removable top, stands still near the vessel's side. The turning cream keeps going like a balance wheel, so little effort keeps it churning. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
Kati
About a day, plus printing

Maagizo

1

The turning cream against a still break

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

Fixed brakes in turning cream, three months before

Taylor turned a dasher among fixed brakes. Harsha turns the vessel itself against a single fixed break.
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Read US 26,459

"This is accomplished by said break presenting only a small resisting surface to the moving cream, while the cream being made to rapidly rotate on said vertical or upright shaft only against said break dash, becomes, along with its receiver, a receptacle of the power applied, similar to that of a balance wheel, and so by its own accumulative force, when power is once applied, puts it in motion"
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Print the gear wheel G

Crown wheel, 36 teeth on its face, module 2, with a hub bored 12.4 mm and a cross hole for a pin. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
5

Print the pinion

Spur pinion, 12 teeth, module 2, with a long hub bored 16.4 mm and a cross hole for a pin. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
6

Print the socket

A cup 50 mm across and 22 mm tall with a cone recess for the shaft's point. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
7

Print the flange

A disc 200 mm across and 15 mm thick bored 16.6 mm, to carry the receiver. Print with 100 % infill. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
8

Base E, brace H, posts F and top D

Make a hardwood base 600 x 600 mm and screw the socket in its middle. Screw a brace H to it, an upright 30 x 40 mm with an arm reaching over the socket, bored 16.6 mm 25 to 55 mm up as the shaft's journal box. Tenon two posts 30 x 50 mm, 515 mm tall, into the base 490 mm apart, and make a top board 550 x 160 x 20 mm with mortises to drop onto their tenons so it lifts off. Set two chairs 44 x 30 mm, 124 mm tall, for the gear wheel's shaft.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu3 vipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao20 vipande
Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Msumeno wa KupindaMsumeno wa Kupinda
Patasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungoPatasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungo
Nyundo ya mbaoNyundo ya mbao
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Kibano cha upauKibano cha upau
Tepi ya kupimiaTepi ya kupimia
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Shaft C, receiver A and gearing

File one end of a 16 mm stainless shaft 170 mm long to a point. Pin the pinion and the flange on it, stand its point in the socket through the journal box, and bolt the stockpot's bottom to the flange with stainless screws sealed with silicone. Fit the crown wheel on a 12 mm stainless shaft through the chairs, meshing under the pinion, with a crank and handle on its end.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Fimbo ya chuma cha puaFimbo ya chuma cha pua2 vipande
Chungu kikubwaChungu kikubwa1 kipande
Skrubu za mashineSkrubu za mashine4 vipande
Nati ya Kufungasha yenye NailoniNati ya Kufungasha yenye Nailoni4 vipande
Washa bapaWasha bapa8 vipande
Kizibo cha SilikoniKizibo cha Silikoni1 kipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
10

Break dash B

Cut a hardwood break 60 x 15 mm long enough to reach from the top board to 25 mm above the receiver's floor, bore ten 16 mm holes through it, and fix it by a tenon through the top board so it hangs 30 mm in from the receiver's side.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Seti ya vichwa bapa vya kutoboaSeti ya vichwa bapa vya kutoboa
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Patasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungoPatasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungo
Nyundo ya mbaoNyundo ya mbao
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
11

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, the receiver cut through the middle: the base with its socket, brace and posts, the shaft with pinion and flange, the crown wheel and crank, the turning receiver and the fixed perforated break hanging from the top.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
12

Churn

Lift the top off, pour about 9 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C into the receiver, checked with the thermometer, and put the top back. Turn the crank steadily, timing it: once the cream is moving it keeps going with little effort. When the butter comes, lift the top and break out, take out the butter, drain the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, salt and weigh it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito9 l
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
13

Troubleshooting

Rotating-receiver churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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History and honest limits

**Mortimer S. Harsha** of Sycamore, DeKalb County, Illinois, assignor to himself, Rufus S. Sanborn and H. B. Jones, US 26,459, 13 December 1859, "Churn". He claimed: "An entirely stationary break dash in combination with a cream receiver, made to rotate on a vertical or upright shaft". His break is made "of such size as the relative size of the machine requires, and of any common form or shape"; the patent gives no sizes, and every size here is ours. His receiver was tin, zinc or wood; ours is a stainless stockpot.

Vifaa

14

Zana Zinazohitajika

19

Faili za muundo

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    harsha-rotating-receiver-stationary-break-churn-wheel-g.stlSTLCC0
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    harsha-rotating-receiver-stationary-break-churn-pinion.stlSTLCC0
  • 6
    harsha-rotating-receiver-stationary-break-churn-socket.stlSTLCC0
  • 7
    harsha-rotating-receiver-stationary-break-churn-flange.stlSTLCC0
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    harsha-rotating-receiver-stationary-break-churn.blendBLENDCC0

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