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Spring Steel Strip and Wire, Hardened and Tempered
A spring must bend and come back. Mild steel bends and stays bent; high-carbon steel, hardened and then tempered to a blue colour, springs back. The strip or wire is shaped soft, heated until a magnet no longer sticks to it, quenched in warm oil to harden it, then tempered: cleaned bright and heated gently until the colour runs to blue.
It starts from high-carbon crucible steel. Wire is drawn while the steel is still annealed.
Juu
A day
Maagizo
1
1
Forge strip
Forge strip
Forge crucible steel at a yellow heat into strip, smoothing it with the flatter; never work it below red. Cut it to length while hot.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Feleji ya kalibu1 kg
Mkaa10 kgZana zinazohitajika:
Fua ya mhunzi
Fuawe
Nyundo ya mhunzi
Kisawazishi cha uhunzi
Koleo za mhunzi
Aproni ya Ngozi
Glavu za kulehemu
Miwani ya usalama2
2
Anneal
Anneal
Heat to a dull red and bury it in dry wood ash to cool slowly overnight.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Majivu ya Mti Mgumu2 kgZana zinazohitajika:
Ndoo ya chuma3
3
Draw wire
Draw wire
For wire, forge a rod, anneal it, and draw it through the drawplate with wax, annealing after every hole. Coil or bend the springs now, while it is soft.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Nta ya Nyuki10 gZana zinazohitajika:
Bamba la chuma la kuvuta waya
Koleo la kuvuta
Kibano cha meza ya kazi4
4
Harden
Harden
Heat the part evenly until a magnet no longer sticks, then plunge it into a lidded bucket of warm rapeseed oil and stir it. Keep the lid at hand for flare-ups.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Mafuta ya kanola5 litaZana zinazohitajika:
Fua ya mhunzi
Sumaku
Ndoo ya chuma yenye mfuniko
Koleo za mhunzi
Glavu za kulehemu5
5
Clean bright
Clean bright
Sand a stripe bright on the hardened steel so you can see the temper colours.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Karatasi ya sandarusi6
6
Temper to blue
Temper to blue
Heat it gently and evenly with the torch on fire bricks, or on a hot plate of steel, and watch the colours run straw, bronze, purple, blue. Stop at an even blue and let it cool.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Tochi ya Propani
Tofali la moto
Koleo za mhunzi7
7
Test
Test
Clamp one end in the vise and bend the free end a little: it must spring back straight.
Zana zinazohitajika:
Kibano cha meza ya kazi
Kipima-unene cha dijitali cha inchi 68
8
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Spring tempering troubleshooting.
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