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Steam Still: a Horizontal Still with Steam Coils and Scrubbing Tower (Bell, 1923)
A refinery still heated only by steam: a horizontal riveted shell with closed steam coils and open steam sprays in the bottom, and a tower of broken stone or tile on top where rising vapour meets the incoming feed. Used to re-run naphtha and kerosene and to strip naphtha from lubricating stocks without a fire.
Variable: batch, semi-continuous, or continuous with four baffled compartments. Bell's Fig. 39 still is 10 x 30 ft.
Source: H. S. Bell, American Petroleum Refining (1923), pp. 105-109. Unknown: plate thickness. Picture: Fig. 39 of the book.
Mtaalamu
Unknown
Maagizo
1
1
Build the shell
Build the shell
Rivet a horizontal cylindrical shell (Fig. 39: 10 x 30 ft) with the plate seams running straight round it (Fig. 36), cheaper than a fire still's layout; hemispherical heads are an expense with no clear reason. Fit a manhole, a drain, flanges for oil and steam and a nozzle for the tower.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Bamba la chuma laini1 shell, heads
Chuma cha pembe cha chuma laini1 kipande
Rivet za chuma cha pua1 kipandeZana zinazohitajika:
Mkandamizo wa kutoboa
Nyundo ya riveti
Vipimo visivyojulikana2
2
Fit coils, sprays and baffles
Fit coils, sprays and baffles
Lay closed steam coils in the bottom with open steam sprays beside them. For continuous running, divide the shell into four compartments with cross baffles, leaving small openings at the bottom so condensed water drains to the water pot at the rear. Give the coils 62.5 sq ft of heating surface per 100 gallons taken overhead per hour: 33 % in the first compartment, 28 % in the second, 22 % in the third, 17 % in the rear. A semi-continuous still needs no baffles.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Koili ya mvuke1 62.5 sq ft per 100 gal/h
Bomba la chuma (ukuta mnene, ncha zenye nyuzi)1 open sprays, header
Vali ya mvuke2 vipandeBamba la chuma laini1 bafflesZana zinazohitajika:
Nyundo ya riveti3
3
Add the scrubbing tower
Add the scrubbing tower
Mount a combined scrubbing and dephlegmating tower on the still, filled with broken stone or tile. The feed enters at its top and trickles down against the rising vapour and steam, which condenses the heavier fractions and carries them back to the still; the vapour goes on to the condensers.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Bamba la chuma laini1 towerRivet za chuma cha pua1 kipande
Kokoto zilizosagwa1 broken stone or tileZana zinazohitajika:
Nyundo ya riveti4
4
Set it
Set it
Settings are simple: brick cross piers or steel frames, with brick or concrete dividing walls between stills where they must carry the tower and heat exchangers. Pipe the residual outlet with a valve.
Vifaa kwa hatua hii:
Tofali1 cross piers
Vali ya mlango1 residualZana zinazohitajika:
Mwiko wa mwashiVifaa
9- 1 towerKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 kipandeKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 kipandeKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 62.5 sq ft per 100 gal/hKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 open sprays, headerKishikilia Nafasi
- 2 vipandeKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 broken stone or tileKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 cross piersKishikilia Nafasi
- 1 residualKishikilia Nafasi
Zana Zinazohitajika
4- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
- Kishikilia Nafasi
Vifaa vya Michoro Iliyounganishwa
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