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Miniature Printing Electronic Calculator: Kilby, Merryman & Van Tassel, 1974

Jack S. Kilby, Jerry D. Merryman & James H. Van Tassel (US Patent 3,819,921) · Public domain (expired patent)

작성자

12. 10월 2026

Miniature Printing Electronic Calculator: Kilby, Merryman & Van Tassel, 1974

Jack S. Kilby, Jerry D. Merryman and James H. Van Tassel of Texas Instruments first filed for this portable calculator in 1967; the patent, US 3,819,921, was granted in 1974. It adds, subtracts, multiplies and divides. All the arithmetic and control is done by one integrated semiconductor circuit array lying flat under the keyboard encoder. Answers are printed by a thermal print head, a 3 × 5 array of heater elements on a semiconductor wafer, on heat-sensitive paper tape read through a magnifying window. The case measured 4¼ × 6⅛ × 1¾ inches and the calculator weighed 45 ounces, running on batteries.

고급

Factory process

안내

Keys and encoder

Mount the 18 keys (0–9, +, −, ×, ÷, the decimal point, C for clear, E for error and P for print) in stepped holes in the upper case. Each key shaft slides in a bearing; a helix spring under the shaft head returns it, guide pins stop it turning, and a resilient pad at its base carries a thin gold-plated copper strip. Below lies the encoder: conductive strips on an insulating board, grouped so each key shorts its own set of output terminals and encodes its digit in excess-3 binary code.

이 단계의 재료:

경첩식 2분할 계산기 케이스1 개

접점 패드가 있는 스프링 복귀 키18 개

키보드 인코더 기판1 개

필요한 도구:

정밀 핀셋 세트

드라이버 세트

Primary electronics

Mount the integrated circuit array below the encoder, in a plane parallel to it, and connect the encoder's terminals to it. The array holds the arithmetic and control sections, generating the timing signals for calculating, printing and advancing the tape.

이 단계의 재료:

계산기용 집적 회로 어레이1 개

필요한 도구:

정밀 핀셋 세트

Printer and tape

Place the thermal print head above a resilient pressure pad, its wafer surface against the tape. Rest the tape reel on a shelf; the tape runs up through a guide block, over the pad under the print head, past the magnifying lens window and out through the side of the case. A solenoid tape-advance mechanism steps the tape on after each line: its coil pulls a pivoted clapper, a spring-biased clutch grips the tape against a clutch plate, and a drive spring pushes it forward when the coil releases. An insulating acrylic cover plate separates the shelf from the primary electronics.

이 단계의 재료:

집적 반도체 감열식 프린트 헤드1 개

감열지 테이프1 개

솔레노이드 테이프 이송 기구1 개

확대 렌즈 창1 개

아크릴 판1 개

필요한 도구:

정밀 핀셋 세트

드라이버 세트

Power

Fix the batteries, the auxiliary electronics module and the tape advance on the floor of the lower case. Three 1½ volt cells in series give 4½ volts and eight in series give 12 volts; the auxiliary module drives the tape-advance coil and the print timing. Wire the supply through the on/off switch to the primary electronics, and fit a battery charger plug in the wall of the lower case. Hinge and latch the two case halves so the top lifts for access.

이 단계의 재료: