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Water Bath: Copper Tank with Plug-In Heaters and an Air-Tube Thermostat (Lidberg, US 1,397,766, 1921)

Tiodolf Lidberg · Public domain (US patent drawing)

작성자

Penny

3. 11월 2026

Water Bath: Copper Tank with Plug-In Heaters and an Air-Tube Thermostat (Lidberg, US 1,397,766, 1921)

An electric constant-temperature water bath for laboratory and bacteriological work. A copper tank sits in an insulated fibre-board box; two heater tubes and a thermostat tube are soldered through its wall so the heating coils and the switch plug in from outside. A switch adds extra coils to heat the water up quickly; then the thermostat alone holds the set temperature. Perforated trays on adjustable rods hold the tubes or flasks at the depth you choose. Result: a thermostatic water bath that holds its water at a set temperature. Source: T. Lidberg (Chicago Surgical & Electrical Co.), US 1,397,766 (1921). Unknown: sizes, the temperature range, the heater wire. Picture: the patent drawing.

중급

Unknown

안내

Build the insulated tank

Make a rectangular box of fibrous board on four short legs and line it with hair felt or cloth. Set a sheet copper tank inside, its walls a little taller than the box and turned over the top edge as a bead. Make perforated trays of several shelves, each with an upright rod hooked at the top for lifting, and on each rod a sliding clip with a set screw whose end rests on the tank edge, to set how deep the tray hangs. Not given: sizes.

이 단계의 재료:

알 수 없는 재료1 fibrous board box, legs

알 수 없는 천1 hair felt or cloth lining

구리판1 tank

타공 스크린판1 trays

알 수 없는 금속1 rods, clips

기계 나사1 개

필요한 도구:

판금 가위

인두

알 수 없는 치수

Fit the heater tubes

Solder two watertight tubes across the tank, each closed at its inner end and open outside the wall, and a third for the thermostat. For each heater, wind two coils on a rod held in the tube by an insulating disk and an end head; join one end of each coil to the rod and the others to plates on the head, and cover the terminals with a cap plate. Slide each heater into its tube. Ours: nichrome wire. Not given: the coil ratings.

이 단계의 재료:

동관3 heater and thermostat tubes

주석-납 땜납1 as needed

니크롬선1 four coils

알 수 없는 금속2 rods, plates, caps

알 수 없는 절연 재료1 disks, heads

필요한 도구:

인두

쇠톱(핵소)

Make the air-tube thermostat

In the closed thermostat tube, mount on an insulating disk a strip carrying a thermostatic bar with a contact at its free end. Facing it, pivot an adjustable bar with its own contact on a bracket in the tube's insulating head, held by a spring against an adjusting screw with a knob outside: turning it sets the temperature at which the contacts open. Bridge the contacts with a condenser to stop sparking. The air in the tube takes the bath's temperature and bends the bar. Ours: a bimetallic strip.

이 단계의 재료:

바이메탈 판1 thermostatic bar

알 수 없는 금속1 strip, bar, bracket, contacts, screw

알 수 없는 절연 재료1 disk, head

압축 스프링 세트1 개

커패시터 키트1 spark condenser

필요한 도구:

드라이버 세트

Wire and use it

Wire one coil of each heater through the thermostat, and the other coil of each through a hand switch, with a lamp across the supply to show when current flows. To start, close the switch so all four coils heat the water up. Once it is at temperature, open the switch: the thermostat then switches its two coils on and off to hold the bath steady. Lower the trays of tubes or flasks to the depth wanted.

이 단계의 재료: