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Litmus Paper from Dye Lichen
Litmus is a blue dye from lichens that turns red in acid and back to blue in alkali. The lichen is ground with sodium carbonate and ammonia and stirred for about four weeks while it turns from red through purple to blue; alcohol then takes out the red orcein. Unsized paper soaked in the blue litmus and dried is litmus paper.
The picture: strips of litmus paper, blue at one end and turned red at the other.
Àárín
About four weeks
Ìlànà
1
1
Grind the lichen
Grind the lichen
Grind dry dye lichen in a mortar with a solution of washing soda and household ammonia, then put it in a crock (our quantities: 100 g lichen, 20 g washing soda, 0.5 L ammonia solution).
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Èèpo-igi aró (tí ń mú orchil jáde)100 g
Sódà ìfọ̀20 g
Omi ammonia ilé0.5 lítàÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Odó àti Ọmọ Odó
Ìkòkò ìwúkàrà
Òǹwọ̀n ìdọ́gba
Ìbọ̀wọ́ rọ́bà
Gílásì Ààbò Fún Ìfọ́n Kẹ́míkà2
2
Stir for four weeks
Stir for four weeks
Cover the crock and stir now and then. The colour goes from red to purple and finally blue in about four weeks.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ìkòkò ìwúkàrà
Ọ̀pá Ìrúwé Gílásì3
3
Take out the orcein
Take out the orcein
Work the blue mass with alcohol and pour the alcohol off with the red orcein it dissolves, until it no longer runs red. The blue litmus stays.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Ethanol - ìpele ilé-ìwádìí, 95 %0.3 lítàÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ago GílásìỌ̀pá Ìrúwé GílásìÌbọ̀wọ́ rọ́bàGílásì Ààbò Fún Ìfọ́n Kẹ́míkà4
4
Dye the paper
Dye the paper
Stir the litmus into water, let it settle and pour the clear blue off. Cut unsized filter paper into strips and soak them in it.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Omi0.5 lítà
Bébà Ìsẹ́10 ewéÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ago Gílásì
Ìṣẹ́ná5
5
Dry and store
Dry and store
Dry the strips on a rack away from acid or ammonia fumes, which would colour them, and keep them in a closed jar (our care).
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Àká Ìgbẹ
Ìgò Gílásì6
6
What the colour change tells you
What the colour change tells you
Ń ṣí ìwé Jupyter…
Àwọn ohun-èlò
6- 20 gÀyè
- 0.5 lítàÀyè
- 0.3 lítàÀyè
- 0.5 lítàÀyè
- 10 ewéÀyè
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tó nílò
10- Àyè
- Àyè
- Àyè
- Àyè
Ìtọ́nisọ́nà yìí ń ṣe
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