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PET Resin: Terephthalic Acid and Ethylene Glycol, Whinfield and Dickson
PET (polyethylene terephthalate) was invented by Whinfield and Dickson, whose patent (US 2,465,319, 1949) gives this first example: boil terephthalic acid in ethylene glycol until it dissolves, wash and dry the glycol ester, then heat it at 280 °C under nitrogen until it is a viscous polymer that melts at 254–255 °C and can be drawn into fibre. The melt is extruded and cut into chips (pellets) for moulding and spinning.
The picture: our diagram.
Ilọsíwájú
About 4 days
Ìlànà
1
1
Boil the acid in glycol
Boil the acid in glycol
Reflux 50 g terephthalic acid with 89 g ethylene glycol for about 72 hours, until it has all dissolved. This makes glycol terephthalate.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Ásídì Tẹrẹfitálíìkì50 g
Ethylene glycol89 gÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Òǹwọ̀n ìdọ́gba
Ìgò abẹ́-róbótó
Ìyípo ẹ̀rọ ìtutù
Pátákó Gbígbóná2
2
Wash and dry the ester
Wash and dry the ester
Wash the glycol terephthalate with water and dry it under vacuum.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Omi Àyọ́
Kọ́nfù Gílásì Onípọ̀n
Bébà Ìsẹ́
Ẹ̀rọ ìfàfẹ́fẹ́jáde3
3
Heat at 280 °C under nitrogen
Heat at 280 °C under nitrogen
Melt it and heat at 280 °C for 8½ hours in a slow stream of nitrogen: no air may reach it. It grows thick as it polymerises.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ìgò abẹ́-róbótóPátákó Gbígbóná
Thermocouple pẹ̀lú ìkà
Sílíńdà Gáàsì Nàìtírójìn
Ìbọ̀wọ́ Tí Ń Fara Da Ooru
Gílásì Ààbò Fún Ìfọ́n Kẹ́míkà4
4
Test for cold-drawing
Test for cold-drawing
Pull a thread from the melt with a rod and let it cool. It is ready when the cold thread can be stretched to several times its length. The finished polymer melts at 254–255 °C.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ọ̀pá Ìrúwé GílásìÌbọ̀wọ́ Tí Ń Fara Da Ooru5
5
Extrude and cut into chips
Extrude and cut into chips
Extrude the molten polymer, let it cool, and cut it into chips (pellets).
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ẹ̀rọ ìtújáde ṣíṣu
Ẹ̀rọ Ìṣe Pẹ́lẹ́ẹ̀tìÌbọ̀wọ́ Tí Ń Fara Da OoruÀwọn ohun-èlò
2- Àyè
- 89 gÀyè
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tó nílò
15- Àyè
- Àyè
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetÀyè
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