कला
सुन्दरता र कल्याण
हस्तकला
संस्कृति र इतिहास
मनोरञ्जन
वातावरण
खाना र पेय
रिभर्स इन्जिनियरिङ
विज्ञान
खेलकुद
प्रविधि
पहिर्न मिल्ने
Butyl Rubber
Polyisobutylene was a soft, sticky material that could not be vulcanised - it had no double bonds left for sulphur to bridge. At Standard Oil in 1937 William Sparks and Robert Thomas added a few percent of isoprene to the isobutylene, just enough double bonds to cure it, and polymerised the mix far below freezing. The result held air better than any rubber before it, and inner tubes have been made of it ever since.
**US 2,356,128**, "Mixed olefinic polymerization process and product", Thomas and Sparks, assigned to Jasco, filed 20. October 1939, granted 22. August 1944: an isoolefin with a small amount of diolefin, polymerised below 0 °C (down to about -160 °C) with aluminium chloride; it describes "a low, controlled, chemical unsaturation, capable of being cured with sulfur".
**You measure the two properties that made its name**: it barely bounces, and it barely leaks.
शुरुआती
1 hour plus a week of readings
निर्देशनहरू
1
1
Make a butyl pad
Make a butyl pad
Cut 80 mm pieces from a bicycle inner tube and flatten them. Stack three (six walls) and tape the edges so it is about as thick as the natural rubber sheet.
यस चरणका सामग्री:
भित्री ट्युब1 टुक्रा
मास्किङ टेप1 रोलचाहिने औजार:
कैँची2
2
Drop and watch
Drop and watch
Tape a metal ruler upright beside each pad on a solid floor. Drop the steel ball from 500 mm, five times per pad, and read the top of the first bounce. Filming at eye level makes it easier.
यस चरणका सामग्री:
प्राकृतिक रबरको पाता1 टुक्राचाहिने औजार:
फलामको बल बियरिङ
धातुको रुलर3
3
Inflate the leak test
Inflate the leak test
Pump the rest of the tube just until it is round - do not stretch it. Blow up a latex balloon to about the same firmness and tie it. Mark where you will measure each with tape.
यस चरणका सामग्री:
बेलुन1 प्याकचाहिने औजार:
साइकलको भुइँ पम्प4
4
Measure for a week
Measure for a week
Each day at the same time measure the balloon round its middle and the tube round its cross-section at the mark. Note the room temperature.
चाहिने औजार:
नाप्ने फित्ता
कोठाको थर्मोमिटर5
5
Bounce and leak
Bounce and leak
Jupyter नोटबुक लोड हुँदैछ…
6
6
History & Context
History & Context
**What the patent specifies:** isobutylene with a little conjugated diolefin, polymerised below 0 °C with aluminium chloride in an alkyl halide, then sulphur-cured. **Modern build (derived):** a commercial butyl inner tube.
Butyl became a strategic wartime rubber, then the air-holding liner inside every tubeless tyre, plus pond liners, roof membranes and engine mounts. Its limits: it is slow to vulcanise, does not bond well to other rubbers, and swells in oil and petrol.
सामग्री
4- 1 टुक्राप्लेसहोल्डर
- 1 रोलप्लेसहोल्डर
- 1 टुक्राप्लेसहोल्डर
- 1 प्याकप्लेसहोल्डर
आवश्यक उपकरणहरू
6- प्लेसहोल्डर
- प्लेसहोल्डर
- प्लेसहोल्डर
- प्लेसहोल्डर
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetप्लेसहोल्डर
- प्लेसहोल्डर
सम्बन्धित ब्लुप्रिन्ट
यी ब्लुप्रिन्टहरूले ज्ञान साझा गर्छन् — प्रविधि, सामग्री वा सिद्धान्त
CC0 सार्वजनिक डोमेन
यो ब्लुप्रिन्ट CC0 अन्तर्गत जारी गरिएको छ। तपाईं अनुमति नसोधी प्रतिलिपि, परिमार्जन, वितरण र प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ।
ब्लुप्रिन्ट मार्फत उत्पादनहरू किनेर सिर्जनाकर्तालाई सहयोग गर्नुहोस् सिर्जनाकर्ता कमिसन विक्रेताले तोकेको, वा यो ब्लुप्रिन्टको नयाँ संस्करण बनाउनुहोस् र आम्दानी बाँड्न आफ्नो ब्लुप्रिन्टमा जडानको रूपमा समावेश गर्नुहोस्।