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Bearing Steel Bar (52100): Crucible Steel Alloyed with Chromium
52100 is the steel of ball bearings: about 1 % carbon and 1.5 % chromium (ASM). The standard, ASTM A295, allows 0.93–1.05 % carbon and 1.35–1.60 % chromium. Here crucible steel is melted with chromium and a little manganese, cast, forged to bar and annealed soft for working.
Our method, not the factory one: factory 52100 is melted in an electric furnace and vacuum-degassed to meet the standard's limits on inclusions. A crucible melt can reach the composition, but only a lab test shows whether it is clean enough for bearings.
The picture: our drawing, crucible to bar.
Abantado
2 days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Weigh the charge
Weigh the charge
For 1 kg: 981.5 g crucible steel of about 1 % carbon, 15 g chromium and 3.5 g manganese (our figures; see the last step). Use steel whose analysis you know.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Asero ng krisol981.5 g
Metal na Kromyum15 g
Manganeso3.5 gMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Digital na Timbangang Pangkusina2
2
Melt
Melt
Pack the steel, chromium and manganese in a covered clay crucible and melt it in the furnace. The alloy is fully liquid above 1450 °C.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Malalim na Krisol na Luwad
Hurnong ladrilyo
Bulusan ng Hangin
Mga guwantes sa paghihinang
Delantal na Katad
Salaming pangkaligtasan3
3
Cast the ingot
Cast the ingot
Lift the crucible out with tongs and pour into a cast-iron ingot mould. Let it cool.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Sipit ng Krisol
Hulmahan ng lingoteMga guwantes sa paghihinangDelantal na KatadSalaming pangkaligtasan4
4
Forge to bar
Forge to bar
Heat the ingot to a cherry-red heat and no hotter, and draw it out on the anvil to a round or square bar. Reheat when the colour drops; never hammer it cold.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Uling1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Pandayan ng panday
Palihan
Mabigat na maso
Martilyong pahalang ang tulis
Sipit ng panday
Digital na Kalibrador 6 PulgadaMga guwantes sa paghihinangDelantal na KatadSalaming pangkaligtasan5
5
Test the analysis
Test the analysis
Drill clean chips from the bar and have a lab analyse carbon, chromium, manganese, silicon, phosphorus and sulphur. Keep the bar only if it is within 52100 limits.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Barenang de-kamay
Garapong Salamin na May TakipSalaming pangkaligtasan6
6
Anneal soft
Anneal soft
In the oven, hold the bar at 793 °C (1460 °F) for 30 minutes, cool in the oven no faster than 500 °C an hour to 682 °C (1260 °F), then cool in air (Verhoeven's anneal).
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Hurno para sa heat treatment
Thermocouple na may basahanSipit ng pandayMga guwantes sa paghihinang7
7
The charge
The charge
Naglo-load ng Jupyter notebook…
Mga Materyales
4- 981.5 gPlaceholder
- 15 gPlaceholder
- 3.5 gPlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
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