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Whirl-Frame Air Dasher Churn: Free Wheels Spun by the Milk Inside a Revolving Frame
Nathaniel Routzahn, Middletown, Maryland · Public domain (expired patent)
Martin

Autor

Martin

6. październik 2026NO
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Whirl-Frame Air Dasher Churn: Free Wheels Spun by the Milk Inside a Revolving Frame

Routzahn put free-turning wheels inside his dasher so the milk itself would spin them. Nathaniel Routzahn of Middletown, Maryland, received US 7,199, dated 19 March 1850, for a churn-dasher of two L-shaped tubes of triangular section, running from near the cover down and in to the spindle, their horizontal arms perforated "through which air enters the milk during the revolution of the dasher." Between each upright arm and the axis, standards carry "whirls B, or wheels having inclined spokes," free to turn in planes through the axis. A bevel wheel and pinion turn the dasher fast, and "the friction thus produced by the whirls greatly facilitates the separation of the butter." This rung estimates how the whirls spin, then prints the hollow frame and two whirls, fits them in a bucket, and makes butter.
Średniozaawansowany
About 4 hours, plus printing

Instrukcje

1

How the whirls spin

Wczytywanie notatnika Jupyter…
2

Beaters that turn on their own axes before it

The embedded blueprint gears its rollers to a fixed wheel. Routzahn's whirls have no gearing: the milk spins them.
3

Read US 7,199

"The dasher thus receives a rapid rotating motion, and the whirls in passing through the milk are rapidly turned by its pressure upon the inclined faces of their arms which reacting upon the milk through which they pass, subdivides the whole mass and puts it in violent agitation, during which air is supplied through the outer tubes."
4

Print the parts

Print the frame flat on its side in one piece with supports (/uploads/blueprints/whirl-frame-air-dasher-churn-frame.stl): two hollow triangular L-tubes, perforated along their horizontal arms and open at the top, the top bar, and standards for the whirls. Print two whirls (/uploads/blueprints/whirl-frame-air-dasher-churn-whirl.stl) and the crank arm (/uploads/blueprints/whirl-frame-air-dasher-churn-crank-arm.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Materiały do tego kroku:

Filament PETGFilament PETG1 sztuka

Potrzebne narzędzia:

Drukarka 3D z filamentem (FDM)Drukarka 3D z filamentem (FDM)
5

Hang the whirls

Set each whirl between its standards and pass a 3 mm stainless rod through the standards and the whirl's hub as its axle; it must spin freely. Blow through each tube's top to check the arm holes are clear.

Materiały do tego kroku:

Pręt ze stali niskowęglowejPręt ze stali niskowęglowej1 sztuka

Potrzebne narzędzia:

Piła do metaluPiła do metalu
Papier ściernyPapier ścierny
6

Spindle and crank

Pass a 10 mm square hardwood spindle through the frame's hubs and glue it. Stand it in a seat drilled in the centre of a food-grade bucket's floor, through a plywood lid, and glue the crank arm and a dowel handle on top. Keep the tubes' open tops above the cream.

Materiały do tego kroku:

Kołki z twardego drewnaKołki z twardego drewna1 sztuka
Wiadro 20-litroweWiadro 20-litrowe1 sztuka
Płyta sklejkowaPłyta sklejkowa1 sztuka
Klej do drewnaKlej do drewna1 sztuka

Potrzebne narzędzia:

Wiertarko-wkrętarka akumulatorowaWiertarko-wkrętarka akumulatorowa
Zestaw wiertełZestaw wierteł
Piła ręcznaPiła ręczna
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The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the bucket cut away to show the frame of two triangular L-tubes on the spindle, their perforated horizontal arms, and a free whirl on its axle between standards in each half.
Plik projektowyBLENDCC0 - Free
Pobierz model
8

Crank and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 2 litres, below the tubes' open tops. Crank steadily and watch the whirls spin; time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Krok 8 - Image 1

Materiały do tego kroku:

Śmietanka kremówkaŚmietanka kremówka2000 ml
Sól morska gruboziarnistaSól morska gruboziarnista1 sztuka
WodaWoda1 sztuka

Potrzebne narzędzia:

Termometr z sondą pozostawianą w potrawieTermometr z sondą pozostawianą w potrawie
StoperStoper
Cyfrowa waga kuchennaCyfrowa waga kuchenna
Duża misa ze stali nierdzewnejDuża misa ze stali nierdzewnej
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Whirls that won't spin, cream in the tubes

Whirl-frame air dasher troubleshooting.

Flow

Loading...
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History and honest limits

**Nathaniel Routzahn** of Middletown, Frederick County, Maryland, received US 7,199, dated 19 March 1850. He did not limit himself to the bevel wheel and pinion: "a belt running on pulleys, or an ordinary cog wheel and pinion can be used for the same purpose." He claimed the combination of the whirls with the revolving frame dasher. **Honest limits.** Our crank turns the spindle directly, without his bevel gearing, so the frame and whirls turn slower; printed parts and a bucket stand in for his. The notebook gives an upper bound. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Materiały

9

Wymagane narzędzia

10

Pliki projektowe

1

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CC0 Domena publiczna

Ten plan jest udostępniany na licencji CC0. Możesz go swobodnie kopiować, modyfikować, rozpowszechniać i wykorzystywać do dowolnych celów, bez konieczności uzyskiwania zgody.

Wesprzyj Makera kupując produkty przez jego plan, za co zarabia Prowizja Makera ustalony przez sprzedawców, lub stwórz nową iterację tego planu i dołącz go jako połączenie w swoim własnym planie, aby dzielić się przychodami.

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