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Heavy Gas Oil: the 620-1,050 °F Cut from Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation of Crude Oil (Gulf, US 3,071,535)
A modern refinery splits crude oil in two towers: the first, at atmospheric pressure, takes off everything up to the furnace oil; the second, a vacuum tower, fractionates what is left to give gas oil for the catalytic cracker and a reduced crude for coking.
Result (Gulf's example): from 100,000 barrels a day of Kuwait crude, 36,950 of heavy gas oil boiling from 620 to 1,050 °F.
Source: Condrasky & Glazier, US 3,071,535 (Gulf, filed 1959), Table I. Not given: tower pressures, temperatures and vacuum. Hot oil: fire risk. Picture drawn by Youblob.
Impuguke
1 day
Amabwiriza
1
1
Charge the crude oil
Charge the crude oil
Feed crude oil to the atmospheric fractionating column. Gulf's example: 100,000 barrels per calendar day of Kuwait crude of 31.5° API gravity.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Peteroli mbisi100000 parts by volumeIbikoresho bikenewe:
Ikigega cyo kubika peteroli
Pompe yo kwimura
Inkingi yo gutosha mu muvuduko usanzwe w'ikirere2
2
Top the crude at atmospheric pressure
Top the crude at atmospheric pressure
Take off the light cuts in the atmospheric column. Gulf's yields per 100,000: fuel gas 115 (as fuel-oil equivalent), C4 fraction 2,241, gasoline C5-190 °F 7,549 (the light straight-run gasoline, kept for isomerisation), naphtha 190-375 °F 15,700, furnace oil 375-620 °F 20,900.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Inkingi yo gutosha mu muvuduko usanzwe w'ikirere3
3
Fractionate the topped crude under vacuum
Fractionate the topped crude under vacuum
Send the topped crude to the vacuum tower. Gulf does not give the vacuum or the temperatures.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Inkingi yo gutosha hakoreshejwe vacuum
Pompe ikuramo umwuka4
4
Draw the 620-1,050 °F heavy gas oil
Draw the 620-1,050 °F heavy gas oil
Draw off the heavy gas oil boiling from 620 to 1,050 °F: 36,950 per 100,000 of crude. The vacuum bottoms above 1,050 °F, 17,000, are the vacuum residue that goes to coking.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Inkingi yo gutosha hakoreshejwe vacuumIkigega cyo kubika peteroliIbikoresho
1- 100000 parts by volumeUmwanya
Ibikoresho bikenewe
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