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Nylon Salt: Hexamethylenediamine and Adipic Acid Crystallized from Alcohol, Carothers 1938
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Nylon Salt: Hexamethylenediamine and Adipic Acid Crystallized from Alcohol, Carothers 1938

Equal moles of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, warmed in watery alcohol until they dissolve, crystallize on cooling as white nylon salt (Carothers, du Pont, US 2,130,947, 1938). The salt always holds the two exactly one to one, which is what makes the nylon come out right. The picture: our drawing of the warm flask, the crystals and the filter.
Hagati
A day

Amabwiriza

1

Weigh one mole each

Weigh 144 g hexamethylenediamine and 174 g adipic acid: one mole of each.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

HegisametilenidiyamineHegisametilenidiyamine144 g
Asidi ya adipikeAsidi ya adipike174 g

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Iminzani ya Digitale yo mu GikoniIminzani ya Digitale yo mu Gikoni
2

Warm to dissolve

Put both in a flask with 1300 g of 95 % alcohol and 210 g water. Warm until everything dissolves. Keep flames away from the alcohol.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ikirahure cya ErlenmeyerIkirahure cya Erlenmeyer
Urubaho rushyushyaUrubaho rushyushya
Etanoli - urwego rw'ubushakashatsi, 95 %Etanoli - urwego rw'ubushakashatsi, 95 %
Amazi YatunganyijweAmazi Yatunganyijwe
3

Cool and filter

Cool the solution. The salt separates as white crystals. Filter them off.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ifonelo ya Büchner (ya porcelaine)Ifonelo ya Büchner (ya porcelaine)
Pompe ikuramo umwukaPompe ikuramo umwuka
4

Recrystallize

Dissolve the crystals warm in 1300 g of 95 % alcohol and 200 g water, cool and filter again. Carothers got 247 g, melting at 183–184 °C.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ikirahure cya ErlenmeyerIkirahure cya Erlenmeyer
Urubaho rushyushyaUrubaho rushyushya
Etanoli - urwego rw'ubushakashatsi, 95 %Etanoli - urwego rw'ubushakashatsi, 95 %
Amazi YatunganyijweAmazi Yatunganyijwe
Ifonelo ya Büchner (ya porcelaine)Ifonelo ya Büchner (ya porcelaine)
Pompe ikuramo umwukaPompe ikuramo umwuka
5

Check the balance

For an exact one-to-one salt, the pH of its solution sits at the turning point of the titration curve, about 7.6 for this pair.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Igipima pH n'ibikoresho byo gupimaIgipima pH n'ibikoresho byo gupima
6

Moles

Gupakira ikaye ya Jupyter…

Ibikoresho

2

Ibikoresho bikenewe

8

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Hexamethylenediamine: Adiponitrile Hydrogenated with Ammonia over Nickel, Howk 1939
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Hexamethylenediamine: Adiponitrile Hydrogenated with Ammonia over Nickel, Howk 1939

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Adipic Acid: Cyclohexanol Oxidised with Boiling Nitric Acid, 1925
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Adipic Acid: Cyclohexanol Oxidised with Boiling Nitric Acid, 1925

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