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Gukora igikoresho cy’urwabya rwumye — Igikoresho cya mbere cyo kubikamo cya muntu
Urwabya (Lagenaria siceraria) birashoboka ko ari cyo gihingwa cya mbere muntu yahinze — si ukurya, ahubwo ku mbuto yacyo ifite igikonoshwa gikomeye gihinduka igikoresho kidacengerwa n’amazi kandi kiramba iyo cyumye. Ibice by’urwabya byavumbuwe na ba kaminuza b’amateka i Norte Chico muri Peru bifite imyaka hafi 13,000, kandi ubushakashatsi ku turemangingo bugaragaza ko ubwo bwoko bwakomotse muri Afurika bukambuka bujya muri Amerika bujyanywe n’imigezi y’inyanja cyangwa n’abantu ba kera bagendaga mu nyanja. Inzabya zabanjirije ibibumbano imyaka ibihumbi, zikoreshwa nk’amacupa y’amazi, amabakure, ingatere, ibikoresho byo kubikamo, inyagara n’ibireremba by’inshundura z’uburobyi mu mico yose yazibonaga. Urwabya rwihariye mu bimera: igikonoshwa cyarwo cyuma kigahinduka ikintu gikomeye nk’igiti kidacengerwa n’amazi, cyoroheje kandi gikomeye cyane. Urukuta rw’urwabya rwumye rwa mm 3 kugeza kuri 5 rushobora gufata amazi, kwihanganira gukubitwa gake no kumara imyaka rwitaweho bisanzwe. Imbere harimo imbuto n’umushishi wumye bigomba gukurwamo. Kumisha bikorwa nta muntu ubyivanzemo — urwabya rwikorera umurimo munini iyo rwasaruwe rweze. Iyi gahunda yigisha uko basarura, bumisha, basukura kandi bategura inzabya ngo zikoreshwe nk’ibikoresho, kuva ku murandaranda kugeza ku gikoresho cyuzuye.
Utangiye
Ibyumweru 1-2
Amabwiriza
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Menya kandi uhitemo urwabya rweze
Menya kandi uhitemo urwabya rweze
Sarura urwabya iyo rumaze kwera neza ku murandaranda. Ibimenyetso byo kwera: igiti gihuza urwabya n’umurandaranda cyahindutse ikigina kandi cyumye (igiti kibisi bivuze ko urwabya rukikura), igikonoshwa kirakomeye kandi ntigitobokwa n’urwara (urwara ntirugomba gutebera ubuso), kandi urwabya rwumvikana rworoshye kurusha uko ingano yarwo yabyerekana (ubuhehere bw’imbere bwatangiye kugabanuka). Ibara ry’igikonoshwa rihinduka riva ku cyatsi rijya ku muhondo cyangwa ikigina cyerurutse uko rwera. Gukomanga urwabya rweze bitanga ijwi ry’umwobo rirangira aho kuba iry’ikintu kibyimbye. Ntuzigere usarura urwabya rufite igiti kibisi — ruzunama rukabora aho kumuka neza.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Umwungu ukuze1 igice2
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Kata urwabya ku murandaranda
Kata urwabya ku murandaranda
Kata igiti ukoresheje icyuma cy’ibuye rityaye (flint), usige cm 5 kugeza kuri 8 z’igiti zifashe ku rwabya. Ntukurure cyangwa ngo uzunguze urwabya — ibyo bishobora gusatura igikonoshwa ku ijosi, bigatera intege nke zishobora gusaduka mu gihe cyo kumisha. Agace k’igiti gasigaye gakora nk’ifatiro kamere kandi kagafunga aho imiyoboro y’igihingwa ihurira, kakarinda ubuhehere kwinjira unyuze aho waciye.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Icyuma cy'Ibuye Rimurika3
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Sukura ubuso bw’inyuma
Sukura ubuso bw’inyuma
Oza inyuma y’urwabya n’amazi meza kugira ngo ukureho umwanda, ubushishi n’intanga z’uruhumbu ziri ku buso. Kubisha buhoro ukoresheje urushyi rw’umucanga ukomeye cyangwa ikibabi gikomeye kugira ngo ukureho igipfukisho cy’ibishashara cy’inyuma utacukuye igikonoshwa. Gukuraho icyo gipfukisho bituma ubuhehere bw’imbere bushobora gusohoka bunyuze mu nkuta z’igikonoshwa mu gihe cyo kumisha. Ntukinike urwabya mu mazi — koza gato birahagije.
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Manika urwabya rwumire mu gicucu gihumeka
Manika urwabya rwumire mu gicucu gihumeka
Zirika umugozi ku giti cy’urwabya maze uwumanike ahantu hari igicucu kandi hahumeka neza — munsi y’ibiti, mu kazu gafunguye impande, cyangwa ku giti gitambitse. Urwabya ntirugomba gukora ku butaka cyangwa kwegamira ku kintu, kuko ubuhehere bufungiranye aho rukora butera kubora. Igicucu ni ingenzi: izuba ry’akarere ryumisha inyuma vuba cyane imbere hakiri hatose, bishobora gutera gusaduka. Umwuka uhumeka neza impande zose ni ingenzi cyane. Mu turere twumutse, kumisha bifata icyumweru 1 kugeza kuri 2; mu turere tw’ubuhehere, ibyumweru 3 kugeza kuri 4 cyangwa birenga.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Umugozi1 igice5
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Kurikirana uko rwuma
Kurikirana uko rwuma
Genzura urwabya buri minsi 2 kugeza kuri 3. Mu cyumweru cya mbere, inyuma hashobora kuzaho uduce tw’uruhumbu (ubwoya bwera, bw’ikijuju cyangwa bw’icyatsi) — ibi ni ibisanzwe kandi ntibyangiza igikonoshwa. Sukura uruhumbu ukoresheje igitambaro cyumye cyangwa ukubishe umucanga niba rubaye rwinshi. Urwabya ruzagenda ruroha buhoro buhoro uko ubuhehere bw’imbere bwuka bunyuze mu nkuta z’igikonoshwa. Urwabya rwumye neza rupima igice gito cy’uburemere rwari rufite rukiri rubisi. Jya uzunguza urwabya: iyo wumvise imbuto zumye zisakuza imbere, imbere haba humye.
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Gerageza niba rwumye burundu
Gerageza niba rwumye burundu
Urwabya ruba rwumye burundu iyo: rwumvikana rworoshye cyane ugereranije n’ingano yarwo, kuruzunguza bitanga urusaku rwinshi rw’imbuto zumye imbere, igikonoshwa kirakomeye hose kandi cyumvikana nk’ikirimo ubusa iyo gikomanzwe, kandi inyuma hahindutse ibara rimwe ry’ikigina cyerurutse, ikigina cyangwa umuhondo w’ibyatsi. Kanda cyane ku gikonoshwa n’igikumwe — igikonoshwa cy’urwabya rwumye neza ntikinama. Niba hari igice cy’igikonoshwa cyumvikana cyoroshye cyangwa kimeze nk’eponji, komeza kumisha ikindi cyumweru.
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Kata umwenge
Kata umwenge
Fata icyemezo cy’icyo uzarukoresha maze ukate umwenge bijyanye. Ku icupa ry’amazi: kata umwobo muto w’uruziga (umurambararo wa cm 3 kugeza kuri 4) hejuru hafi y’igiti, ungana gusa n’uwo gusuka amazi no kuyakuramo. Ku ibakure: kata urwabya mo kabiri ku burebure cyangwa mu buryo butambitse. Ku ndosho: kata igice cya gatatu cyo hejuru uberamye, usige ijosi nk’ifatiro. Banza ushushanye umurongo wo guca usharatura kenshi n’icyuma cya flint, hanyuma winjire buhoro kugeza icyuma kinyuze mu gikonoshwa. Kora buhoro — igikonoshwa cyumye kiroroshye kuvunika kandi gishobora gusaduka uragikoresheje imbaraga. Cyangwa ukoreshe igitobora cy’ibuye cyangwa urushinge rw’igufwa rushyushye ukore umwobo wo gutangiriraho, hanyuma uwagure n’icyuma cya flint.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Icyuma cy'Ibuye Rimurika8
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Kuramo imbuto n’uruhu rw’imbere
Kuramo imbuto n’uruhu rw’imbere
Unyuza mu mwenge, kunkumura imbuto zumye zirekuye. Hanyuma ukoreshe agati karekare, igikoresho cy’igufwa kigoramye cyangwa agati koroshye kunama ukonore uruhu rw’imbere rwumye (umushishi umeze nk’eponji wari ukikije imbuto) ku nkuta z’imbere. Niba umwenge ari muto ku buryo ikiganza kitinjira, uzuza urwabya amazi, urureke rumare isaha 1 kugeza kuri 2 kugira ngo umushishi wumye woroshye, hanyuma unyeganyeze kandi usuke cyane kugira ngo uwusohore. Subiramo kugeza imbere hasukuye. Ku macupa y’amazi, imbere hasukuye ni ngombwa — umushishi usigaye utuma amazi agira icyanga cy’ibyumye cyangiritse.
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Oroshya impande zaciwe
Oroshya impande zaciwe
Urugara rwaciwe rw’igikonoshwa ruzaba rukomeye kandi rushobora kugira udusanduku duto cyangwa imisatuko iturutse ku murongo waciwe. Oroshya urugara urusiga ku ibuye ry’umucanga ukoresheje kuzenguruka. Ibi birinda urugara gukomeza gusaduka kandi bigatuma umwenge woroha kunyweraho niba urwabya rukoreshwa nk’icupa ry’amazi cyangwa igikombe. Shakisha kandi ukureho imisatuko mito yatangiriye ku murongo waciwe — iyo umusatuko watangiye, ushobora gukura mu gihe cyo gukoresha.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Ikibaho cy'Ibuye ry'Umusenyi10
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Funga imbere kugira ngo rufate amazi (bitari ngombwa)
Funga imbere kugira ngo rufate amazi (bitari ngombwa)
Igikonoshwa cy’urwabya rwumye kirwanya amazi kamere ariko ntikibuza amazi burundu — amazi azagenda acengera buhoro mu nkuta z’igikonoshwa mu masaha menshi. Ku gutwara amazi igihe gito (amasaha), urwabya rutagize icyo rusigwa ruhagije. Ku kubika amazi igihe kirekire cyangwa kugira ngo urwabya rudacengerwa burundu, siga imbere ubushishi bw’inturusu bushongeshejwe cyangwa ibishashara by’inzuki. Suka ubushishi bw’inturusu bushyushye buke mu rwabya, ubuzunguruze ngo busige ubuso bwose bw’imbere, hanyuma usuke ibisagutse ubireke bikonje. Agakoko gato k’ubushishi gafunga utwenge twose. Cyangwa wuzuze urwabya amazi inshuro nyinshi — nyuma yo gutoha kenshi, udutsinsi tw’igikonoshwa turabyimba gato tukarushaho kudacengerwa n’amazi ubwatwo.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Ubunyu bwa gudurona ya pine1 igice11
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Shyiraho umugozi wo kurutwara (bitari ngombwa)
Shyiraho umugozi wo kurutwara (bitari ngombwa)
Ku icupa ry’amazi, zirika umugozi ku ijosi rito ry’urwabya ukore umushumi wo kurutwara. Zengurutsa umugozi inshuro nyinshi ku ijosi mu mwobo cyangwa mu karongo, hanyuma uzirike uruziga rurerure bihagije ngo rumanikwe ku rutugu cyangwa ku mukandara. Kugira ngo urusheho gukomera, cukura akarongo gato kazengurutse ijosi ukoresheje icyuma cya flint kugira ngo umugozi utanyerera. Amoko amwe y’inzabya z’amacupa afite ijosi rifunganye kamere rifata umugozi nta karongo.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Umugozi1 igice12
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Kora umupfundikizo w’umwenge
Kora umupfundikizo w’umwenge
Bāza umupfundikizo mu gice cy’igiti gikomeye kibisi kugira ngo ujye mu mwenge w’urwabya neza. Bāza umupfundikizo ugenda ufunganye gato kugira ngo winjire mu mwobo ufashe. Cyangwa uzingire agapfunsi gato k’ibyatsi byumye cyangwa ubwatsi bwo ku mabuye mu gace k’uruhu ukore umupfundikizo umeze nk’umuvure. Umupfundikizo ufashe neza urinda kumeneka mu rugendo kandi ukabuza udukoko n’imyanda kwinjira mu mazi cyangwa ibiryo bibitswe. Kugira ngo bifunge neza, zingira umupfundikizo mu gace koroshye k’uruhu rutatunganyijwe — uruhu rufata ishusho y’umwenge iyo rutose rukawufunga neza.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Icyuma cy'Ibuye RimurikaIbikoresho
3- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
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- Umwanya
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