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Crucibles of White Clay and Ground Old Crucibles for Melting Gold and Silver (Theophilus, 12th Century)
Youblob (drawing after Theophilus) · Public domain
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Crucibles of White Clay and Ground Old Crucibles for Melting Gold and Silver (Theophilus, 12th Century)

The goldsmith's crucible from Theophilus's De Diversis Artibus (12th century): finely ground white clay mixed with ground fragments of old crucibles (or of white pots that survive heating to a glow), two parts to a fourth part, beaten with warm water and formed into crucibles large and small.
Utangiye
About 1 day plus drying

Amabwiriza

1

Mix proportions

Gupakira ikaye ya Jupyter…
2

Read De Diversis Artibus, Book III

"Take white clay and grind it very fine, and old vases, in which gold or silver has been before melted."
3

Prepare the clay and grog

Grind white clay very fine. Break up old crucibles in which gold or silver has been melted and grind them separately; if you have none, heat baked fragments of white earthen pots until they glow, and if they do not crack let them cool and grind them.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Ibumba rya kaolinIbumba rya kaolin1 igice
Ibice by'inzabya zavunitseIbice by'inzabya zavunitse1 igice

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

PipetiPipeti
Iziko ryo GucuraIziko ryo Gucura
InyundoInyundo
4

Mix and form

Take two parts of the ground clay and a fourth part of the burnt fragments (a third in the Wolfenbuttel manuscript), mix with warm water, beat it strongly, and form crucibles large and small.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Indobo ya Litiro 20Indobo ya Litiro 20
Inyundo y'IgitiInyundo y'Igiti
5

Dry

Let the crucibles dry; meanwhile weigh out the gold or silver to be worked.
6

Troubleshooting

Crucible troubleshooting.

Flow

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7

History and honest limits

From Theophilus, **De Diversis Artibus**, Book III, chapter XXII, translated by Robert Hendrie (1847) (checked on the archive.org scan essayuponvarious00hend, p. 227). He gives no sizes and no firing; kaolin for his white clay, the tools and the diagram are ours.

Ibikoresho

2

Ibikoresho bikenewe

5

Iki gishushanyo gikora

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Hand Bellows From a Whole Ram Skin With a Wooden Head and Iron Tube (Theophilus, 12th Century)

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