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UBUHANZI
UBWIZA N'UBUZIMA
UBUKORIKORI
UMUCO N'AMATEKA
IMYIDAGADURO
IBIDUKIKIJE
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UBUMENYI
SIPORO
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IBYAMBARWA
Hand Bellows From a Whole Ram Skin With a Wooden Head and Iron Tube (Theophilus, 12th Century)
The goldsmith's bellows from Theophilus's De Diversis Artibus (12th century): a ram skin stripped off whole through an opening behind, stuffed with straw and dried, cured a day and two nights in lye and salt, stretched, oiled, and fitted with a wooden head and iron tube at the neck, four sticks across the back, and a thumb loop and finger loop to work it.
Hagati
About 4 days
Amabwiriza
1
1
Schedule
Schedule
Gupakira ikaye ya Jupyter…
2
2
Read De Diversis Artibus, Book III
Read De Diversis Artibus, Book III
"Then make bellows from the skins of rams, thus: When the rams are killed, the skins must not be cut under the belly, but they are opened behind."
3
3
Strip and cure the skin
Strip and cure the skin
Open the ram's skin behind, not under the belly, and turn it so it strips off whole. Fill it with straw and dry it moderately. Lay it in lye and salt for a day and two nights.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Uruhu rw'Intama1 igice
Ibyatsi byumye1 igice
Amazi y'ivu ry'ibiti1 igice
Umunyu1 igiceIbikoresho bikenewe:
Icyuma cyo gukata uruhu
Indobo ya Litiro 204
4
Stretch and oil
Stretch and oil
On the third day stretch it lengthwise, but more in breadth. Anoint it (tallow is our choice) and stretch it again.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Ibinure by'Inyamaswa1 igice5
5
Fit the head and tube
Fit the head and tube
Make a wooden head that passes through the skin's neck and bind it there; bore it for an iron tube (rolled from sheet iron, our method).
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Ikibaho cy'Igiti Gikomeye1 igice
Ikibaho cy'icyuma (gikubiswe)1 igice
Umugozi wa jute1 igiceIbikoresho bikenewe:
Umucumita w'Intoki
Ivuvuzo ry'ukuboko rifite umutweIcyuma cyo gukata uruhu
Inyundo6
6
Fit the back and loops
Fit the back and loops
Across the back opening place four pieces of wood: two joined together and fixed in the middle, two sewn onto the skin, so the joins come above and below. Sew on two loops of the same skin, a smaller one above for the thumb and a larger one below for the other four fingers.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Ikibaho cy'Igiti Gikomeye1 igice
Udodo w'igitani1 igiceIbikoresho bikenewe:
Urushinge Rutobora
Inshinge ebyiri zo kudoda uruhuIcyuma cyo gukata uruhuUmucumita w'Intoki7
7
Use
Use
Put the iron tube in the hole of the furnace, lay fire and charcoal at the back and front, and blow, first to dry the new furnace.
8
8
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Bellows troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
9
9
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
From Theophilus Presbyter, **De Diversis Artibus** (12th century), Book III, chapter IV, translated by Robert Hendrie (1847) (checked on the archive.org scan essayuponvarious00hend, pp. 211-213). He gives no sizes and does not say what the skin is anointed with; tallow, the rolled sheet-iron tube, the tools and the diagram are ours.
Ibikoresho
9- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- Umwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
- 1 igiceUmwanya
Ibikoresho bikenewe
7- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
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