Coker Gas Oil and Petroleum Coke: Vacuum Residue Delayed-Coked at about 920 °F (Gulf, US 3,071,535)

The black residue from the bottom of the vacuum tower still holds gas oil. Heated to about 920 °F and held in a coking drum, it cracks into lighter oils and coke; the coke stays on the drum walls and the oils go to a fractionator. Result (Gulf's example, per day): from 17,000 barrels of vacuum bottoms, 7,890 barrels of coker gas oil boiling above 400 °F, 4,354 of coker naphtha, light gases and 925 tons of petroleum coke. Source: Condrasky & Glazier, US 3,071,535 (Gulf, filed 1959), Table I. Not given: drum size, pressure, cycle time. Hot oil: fire risk. Picture drawn by Youblob.

خبير

1 day

التعليمات

Heat the vacuum residue to about 920 °F

Heat the vacuum reduced crude to a high temperature, about 920 °F in Gulf's example. Gulf charged 17,000 barrels per day.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

متبقي التقطير الفراغي17000 parts by volume

الأدوات المطلوبة:

خزان نفط

مضخة نقل

وحدة التكويك المتأخر

مقياس الحرارة العالية

Hold it in a coking drum until it cracks

Pass it into a coking drum and keep it hot long enough to crack it into lighter hydrocarbons and coke. The coke forms on the walls of the drum.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

وحدة التكويك المتأخر

مقياس الحرارة العالية

Switch drums and cut out the coke

When one drum is full of coke, switch to another and remove the coke from the first, mechanically or hydraulically. Gulf made 925 tons of coke a day.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

وحدة التكويك المتأخر

Fractionate the cracked vapours

Fractionate the hydrocarbons from the drum: fuel gas, a propylene-rich C3 fraction (621), a C4 fraction (488), a C5 fraction (177), coker naphtha to about 400 °F (4,354) and coker gas oil above 400 °F (7,890). Gulf does not describe the fractionator. Ours: a fractionating still.

الأدوات المطلوبة: