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English
Kanghan Bai Mamuang (Thai Mango-Leaf Pinwheel) — a Mango Leaf Torn at Opposite Ends, Pierced at the Centre and Spun on its own Stalk; Run to Make it Turn
กังหันใบมะม่วง (kanghan bai mamuang) is a Thai folk toy made from a single mango leaf and its own stalk: children hold it out and run forward to make it spin, getting exercise as they play.
This blueprint makes a real mango-leaf pinwheel by the steps in the source.
Beginner
A few minutes
Instructions
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1
Parts
Parts
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2
Pinwheels, before it
Pinwheels, before it
The paper pinwheel uses paper on a bamboo stick; the mango-leaf pinwheel uses one leaf and its own stalk.
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3
Read from the source
Read from the source
"Push the cut stalk through the hole, with the base of the stalk at the front, so the leaf does not slip off the stalk while it spins." (Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, CC BY 4.0)
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4
Leaf
Leaf
Find a mango leaf of a good size, not too young. Tear both ends of the leaf, on opposite sides.
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5
Axle
Axle
Cut off the protruding stalk to use as the handle, and pierce a hole in the middle of the leaf.
Tools needed:
Knife6
6
Assemble
Assemble
Push the cut stalk through the hole in the leaf, base of the stalk at the front, so the leaf does not slip off while spinning.

7
7
Real photos
Real photos
Drawing of a mango-leaf pinwheel (Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, CC BY 4.0).

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8
How to play
How to play
Hold the end of the stalk that sticks out behind the leaf, stretch your hand out parallel to the ground and run forward; the faster you run, the harder it spins.

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9
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting the mango-leaf pinwheel.
Flow
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10
History and limits
History and limits
Mango leaves were easy to find in the past, so parents made these pinwheels for children to play with friends; teaching children to make their own fosters imagination. Take care with the knife when cutting the stalk.
Source: Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, Traditional Objects of Everyday Use database, "กังหันใบมะม่วง" (CC BY 4.0 licence).
**Limits** The source gives no leaf or hole size in numbers, and there is no listing for mango leaves, so they are named in the text.
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