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English
Kanghan Kradat (Thai Paper Pinwheel) — a 10 cm Coloured-Paper Square Cut in from the Corners, Holes at the Centre and Blade Corners, on a 20 cm Bamboo Stick with a Straw Stop
กังหันกระดาษ (kanghan kradat) is a Thai folk toy that builds understanding of mechanics: children hold it and run into the wind to make it spin.
This blueprint makes a real paper pinwheel to the sizes in the source.
Beginner
About 30 minutes
Instructions
1
1
Real sizes
Real sizes
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2
Pinwheels, before it
Pinwheels, before it
The luk lom (kanghan) uses a twisted wooden blade; the paper pinwheel uses paper cut in from the corners; both turn in the wind.
3
3
Read from the source
Read from the source
"With a knife or scissors, cut along the diagonals in from all 4 corners to a point about 0.5 cm from the centre." (Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, CC BY 4.0)
4
4
Handle
Handle
Shave bamboo about 20 cm long until round, one end about 3 mm thick and the other 1.5-2 mm.
Materials for this step:
Bamboo Poles1 pieceTools needed:
Knife5
5
Pinwheel
Pinwheel
Cut coloured paper into a square, for example 10 cm. Cut along the diagonals in from all 4 corners to about 0.5 cm from the centre, giving 4 triangles. Punch a round hole in the centre that fits loosely on the stick, and a hole in one base corner of each triangle.
Materials for this step:
Paper1 pieceTools needed:
Scissors6
6
Assemble
Assemble
Put the pinwheel on the handle, and push another piece of drinking straw tightly onto the handle above it.

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7
Real photos
Real photos
Drawing of paper pinwheels (Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, CC BY 4.0).

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8
How to play
How to play
Hold it and run into the wind, and the pinwheel spins.

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9
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting the paper pinwheel.
Flow
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10
History and limits
History and limits
The paper pinwheel is a Thai folk toy that supports emotional and social development and an understanding of mechanics. Take care with the knife and scissors.
Source: Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, Traditional Objects of Everyday Use database, "กังหันกระดาษ" (CC BY 4.0 licence).
**Limits** The source does not say how the 4 punched corners are gathered onto the stick (the drawing shows them folded to the centre), and it lists glue or paste but not where it is used.
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