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Twin-Cylinder Tube-Link Churn: Two Churns Pumped Into Each Other Through a Tube
Fisher knew double dasher churns already existed, so he claimed only what joined his two.
Daniel Fisher of College Corner, Ohio, received US 7,870, dated 1 January 1851, for "connecting two vertical churns by a horizontal tube at their bottoms ... (said tube being about ten inches long, and about one fifth of the capacity of one of the vertical cylinders) in combination with the perforated cutters E E." A lever on an upright between the cylinders works perforated plungers on two rods; the cream is "alternately forced through the openings in the segmental slides E and those in the pistons."
This rung checks the tube's proportion, then prints the tube, slides and plungers, joins two pots, and makes butter.
Intermediate
About 4 hours, plus printing
Instructions
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1
The tube's proportion
The tube's proportion
Loading Jupyter Notebook...
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Two plungers driving cream between chambers before it
Two plungers driving cream between chambers before it
The embedded blueprint drives cream through a middle chamber. Fisher's two churns are joined by a tube that fills with air.
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Read US 7,870
Read US 7,870
"The perforated cutters answer the double purpose of cutting the cream in its passage to and fro and only allowing sufficient cream to enter through the perforations at each stroke of the dashers to keep the tube half full or thereabout, thereby creating a partial vacuum in the tube, which becomes filled with air."
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Print the parts
Print the parts
Print the link tube with its flanges (/uploads/blueprints/twin-cylinder-tube-link-churn-link-tube.stl), two perforated segmental slides (/uploads/blueprints/twin-cylinder-tube-link-churn-segmental-slide.stl) and two perforated plungers (/uploads/blueprints/twin-cylinder-tube-link-churn-plunger.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
Materials for this step:
PETG Filament1 pieceTools needed:
FDM 3D Printer5
5
Join the pots
Join the pots
Take two straight-sided food-safe containers about 110 mm across. Drill each low in its side for the tube, push the tube's ends through and seal the flanges with silicone. Glue two thin plywood strips inside each pot either side of the opening as grooves, and slide a perforated slide down them over the tube's mouth. Stand both on a pine plank.
Materials for this step:
Food-Grade Storage Container2 pieces
Silicone Sealant1 piece
Plywood Sheet1 piece
Pine Board1 pieceTools needed:
Hole Saw Kit
Cordless Drill
Coping Saw6
6
Lever and plungers
Lever and plungers
Screw a pine upright to the plank between the pots, rising above them, and pivot a pine lever on its top. Glue a 12 mm dowel rod in each plunger and join each to the lever on a loose screw, equally either side of the pivot.
Materials for this step:
Pine Board1 piece
Hardwood Dowels1 piece
Machine Screws1 piece
Hex Nut1 piece
Wood Glue1 piece
#8 x 1" Wood Screw1 pieceTools needed:
Hand SawCordless Drill
Drill Bit Set
Screwdriver Set7
7
The patent drawing
The patent drawing
US 7,870 drawing sheet, public domain (expired patent).
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8
Pump and make butter
Pump and make butter
Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour 1 litre into each pot. Work the lever up and down like a pump handle; time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Materials for this step:
Heavy Cream2000 ml
Coarse Sea Salt1 piece
Water1 pieceTools needed:
Leave-In Probe Thermometer
Stopwatch
Digital Kitchen Scale
Stainless Steel Mixing Bowl (Large)9
9
Leaks at the tube, a lever that sticks
Leaks at the tube, a lever that sticks
Twin-cylinder tube-link troubleshooting.
Flow
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10
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**Daniel Fisher** of College Corner, Butler County, Ohio, received US 7,870, dated 1 January 1851. His cylinders stood on a horizontal plank with movable covers tied together at top; he explained the butter by "the oxygen of the atmosphere"; that is his account.
**Honest limits.** Our tube is far smaller than his one fifth, as the notebook shows; printed parts and food-safe pots stand in for his. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.
Materials
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Tools Required
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CC0 Public Domain
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