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Wooden Gears: a Cogwheel and a Lantern Pinion
Mill gears were long made of wood. A lantern pinion is two discs joined by a ring of rods; its teeth are only rods set in drilled holes, so it needs simple tools. A cogwheel is a disc with wooden cogs set round its face. Mark both on the same pitch, drill and glue in the cogs and rods, and let the wheel drive the pinion.
The picture: a lantern pinion of wooden rods meshing with a cogged wheel in Chesterton Mill.
Intermediate
A day
Instructions
1
1
Mark out
Mark out
With the dividers, scribe the cogwheel disc and two pinion discs on beech, and the pitch circles for the cogs and rods (step 5). Step off equal spacings round each pitch circle.
Materials for this step:
Beech Lumber1 pieceTools needed:
Dividers
Ruler2
2
Cut the discs
Cut the discs
Saw the discs out with the coping saw and rasp them round to the line. Drill the axle hole at each centre.
Tools needed:
Coping Saw
Wood Rasp
Hand Drill3
3
Set the cogs
Set the cogs
Drill a hole at each mark on the face of the cogwheel and glue in a short dowel cog, all standing the same height. Round their tips a little.
Materials for this step:
Hardwood Dowels24 pieces
Hide Glue20 gTools needed:
Hand Drill
Tenon Saw
Double Boiler
Sandpaper4
4
Build the pinion
Build the pinion
Drill matching holes in both pinion discs, glue rods between them to make the cage, and check that it runs true on its axle. Mesh it with the wheel: the wheel drives, the pinion is driven.
Materials for this step:
Hardwood Dowels8 piecesHide Glue10 gTools needed:
Hand DrillTenon SawDouble Boiler5
5
Pitch and ratio
Pitch and ratio
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Materials
3- 1 piecePlaceholder
- 24 piecesPlaceholder
- 20 gPlaceholder
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