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Mild Steel Plate and Sheet Hammered from a Billet
Forge

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Forge

11. uMfumfu 2026NO
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Mild Steel Plate and Sheet Hammered from a Billet

Before sheet mills, iron plate was hammered out hot, and thin sheet was hammered thinner still. A billet from a mild steel ingot is spread wide with the cross peen and smoothed with the flatter: thick results are plate, thin ones sheet. By hand, sheet much thinner than about 1.5 mm is very hard to keep even; measure what you get. Work at yellow heat and return to the fire at red, as for bar stock.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
A day

Imiyalelo

1

Billets and heats

Cutting billets and working at the right heat.
2

Spread across

Heat a billet to yellow and strike across it with the cross peen, in rows, to widen it; then along it to lengthen. Turn it over each heat.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Isigaxa sensimbiIsigaxa sensimbi3 kg
AmalahleAmalahle10 kg

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Iziko lomkhandi wensimbiIziko lomkhandi wensimbi
Isando esinekhanda elimise okwesikhonkwaneIsando esinekhanda elimise okwesikhonkwane
Udlawu lomkhandi wensimbiUdlawu lomkhandi wensimbi
Insimbi YokukhandelaInsimbi Yokukhandela
Ipheshana LesikhumbaIpheshana Lesikhumba
Amagilavu okushiselaAmagilavu okushisela
Izibuko zokuphephaIzibuko zokuphepha
Izivikeli zendlebeIzivikeli zendlebe
3

Flatten

Lay the flatter on it and strike with the sledgehammer to take out the peen marks.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ithuluzi lokwenza kube yisicabaIthuluzi lokwenza kube yisicaba
Isando esikhuluIsando esikhulu
4

Plate or sheet

Stop at the thickness you need for plate. For sheet, keep thinning with lighter blows; thin steel loses heat fast, so take short heats.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isando somkhandi wensimbiIsando somkhandi wensimbi
I-Caliper Yedijithali Yamayintshi Ayi-6I-Caliper Yedijithali Yamayintshi Ayi-6
5

Level and trim

At a low red heat, level it against the anvil face, check with the straightedge, and let it cool in air. Cut the ragged edges off on the hardy and file them.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isando somkhandi wensimbiIsando somkhandi wensimbi
Umphetho oqondileUmphetho oqondile
Isisiki esimiswa ensimbini yokukhandelaIsisiki esimiswa ensimbini yokukhandela
Iqoqo LamafayelaIqoqo Lamafayela
6

Clean and measure

Wire-brush the scale off and measure the thickness at several points.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isethi yamabhulashi ocingoIsethi yamabhulashi ocingo
I-Caliper Yedijithali Yamayintshi Ayi-6I-Caliper Yedijithali Yamayintshi Ayi-6
7

Troubleshooting

Plate forging troubleshooting.

Flow

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Izinto

2

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

16

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