Ukwenza Ipeni Lokubhala Ngomhlanga (Qalam) — Ithuluzi Lokubhala Elidala Kunawo Wonke

Khetha ingxenye eqondile yomhlanga owomile (Arundo donax) noma ubambo onobukhulu bangaphandle obuphakathi kuka-8mm no-12mm — lokhu kunquma ububanzi obukhulu bezinyonga zokubhala. Umhlanga kumele wome ngokuphelele (okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemva kokusikwa, okungcono kakhulu unyaka owodwa) — umhlanga oluhlaza noma olungomile ngokuphelele uthambile kakhulu futhi uzochobeka esikhundleni sokusikeka ngokuhlanzekile. I-Arundo donax ikhula ngokuzenzakalela ezindaweni ezinezulu lase-Mediterranean, ezindongeni zemifula, nasezindaweni ezinamanzi; nguwo umhlanga lowo owasetshenziswa emlandweni kusukela eGibhithe yasendulo kuze kufike eNkathini YeGolide yama-Islam. Ubambo luyindlela enhle etholakalayo emhlabeni wonke. Sika ingxenye eqondile engaba ngu-20-25cm ubude — lokhu kungubude bepeni olukhululekile. Uma umhlanga unamalunga (amajointe aqinile), beka ilunga elilodwa libe ngu-5-8cm ukusuka esiqongweni sokubhala — lisebenza njengodonga lwesiqoqela se-inki yemvelo.

Usebenzisa ummese obukhali phezu kwekhethini yokusika, sika isiqongo sokubhala somhlanga ngenkomba ecezile engaba ngo-45 kuya ku-60 degrees ukusuka emgqeni ophakathi. Lokhu kwakha ukuvuleka okuyindilinga okudaluleka imbobo engaphakathi. Ukusika kumele kube hlanzekile futhi kubushelelezi — ummese obuthuntu uzochobeka izintambo zomhlanga. Ubude balokhu kusika okucezile bunquma ukuthambekeka kwezinyonga zokubhala: ukusika okude kakhulu (okucezile kakhulu) kukhiqiza izinyonga ezithambekayo kakhulu, kanti ukusika okufushane kukhiqiza izinyonga ezilukhuni, ezilawulekayo kakhulu. Ngepeni lakho lokuqala, hlahlela ukusika okungaba ngu-2-3cm ubude. Uma usebenzisa ubambo, izindonga ziqinile kakhulu futhi zinzima kune-Arundo donax, ngakho ukusika kudinga amandla engeziwe — hlala usika ukude nomzimba wakho.

Umhlanga nobambo kunesithambeka (izicubu ezifana nesiphunji) ngaphakathi kwesiqu esiyimbobo. Sebenzisa isihloko sommese ukukhukhula isithambeka ngaphakathi kwesiqongo esisikiwe, wakhe umgudu ohlanzekile, ongumbobo ojulile ngu-3 kuya ku-5cm. Lo mgudu ungumbobo usebenza njengesikonke se-inki — i-inki igcwalisa lesi sikhala bese ifinyelela esihlokweni sezinyonga ngamandla amboze nawokwenyuka kwamanzi. Shiya izindonga zomhlanga ziphelele futhi ungazisiki zibe ncane. Uma ingxenye yakho yomhlanga ihlanganisa ilunga, ilunga lisebenza njengomgoqo wemvelo ovimbela i-inki ukuthi igijime yonke indlela phezulu ependini — lokhu kuhle kakhulu. Uma kungenalo ilunga, isikonke se-inki sincipha ngokuthi i-inki ibanjwa kangakanani ngamandla okufunyana ngaphakathi komgudu.

Umphimbo wokubhala (izinyonga) ubuso obuqondile obuyisicaba somhlanga lapho uhlangana nephepha khona. Beka umhlanga phezu kwekhethini yokusika ukuvuleka kubheke phezulu. Yenza ukusika okuhlanzekile, okumile ngqo esiqongweni sokusika okucezile ukuze wakhe umphimbo wokubhala oyisicaba. Ububanzi balomphimbo oyisicaba ububanzi bezinyonga zakho zokubhala — imvamisa ngu-2-5mm ekubhaleni okubanzi. Ekubhaleni kwe-Arabic (okusebenzisa iqalam ngokwesiko), izinyonga zivame ukusikwa ngenkomba encane kusukela kwesokunxele kuya kwesokudla esikhundleni kokuma ngqo — lokhu kusiza imigqa eqinile neyembethwe eyinkimbinkimbi yombhalo we-Arabic. Ekubhaleni kwase-Ntshonalanga, ukusika okumile ngqo kusebenza kahle. Ukusika kumele kuhlanzeke futhi kubukhali ngokuphelele — noma yikuphi ukukhuhla emgqeni wokubhala kuzobangela i-inki ukuthi isakazeke ngokungalingani futhi kubhale izimpawu ezibhedayo.

Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu. Beka izinyonga phezu kwekhethini yokusika umphimbo wokubhala oyisicaba ubheke phansi. Beka inkemba yommese phakathi nendawo yezinyonga, ihambelana nobude bepeni. Cindezela phansi ngesiqiniseko bese uhlukanisa izinyonga ngabo-8-15mm ukusuka emphimbeni wokubhala. Lo mfantu ubalulekile — wakha izitho ezimbili ezigoba kancane ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokubhala, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, wakha umgudu wokwenyuka kwamanzi odonsa i-inki esikongkeleni kuye ephepheni. Ngaphandle komfantu, i-inki ngeke igeleze. Umfantu kumele uphakathi nendawo ngokunembe — umfantu ongekho phakathi nendawo wenza isitho esisodwa sibe banzi kunesinye, kukhiqize imigqa engalingani. Umfantu kumele uhlanzeke futhi ungenayo imifantu yaseceleni — uma umhlanga uhlukana eceleni, qala ngomhlanga omusha.

Hlola izinyonga ngokucophelela. Izitho ezimbili kumele zilingane, futhi umphimbo wokubhala kumele ube yisicaba ngokuphelele futhi ubushelelezi. Uma kukhona izintambo ezinkuhla, bushelelezisa umphimbo wokubhala ngentshontshi enhle (400-600 grit), ibekwe phezulu endaweni eqinile — donsa izinyonga ngaphezulu kwentshontshi ngendlela yokubhala (ukusuka kuwe) izikhathi ezimbalwa. Ungaphinde ulungise inkomba yezinyonga ngokusika izingcezwana ezincane eceleni elilodwa noma kwelinye ngommese. Abanye ababhali babushelelezisa amakhona abukhali ezinyonga kancane kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuthi abambe iphepha. Hlola izinyonga ngokuzibuka eceleni — izitho ezimbili kumele zilingane (esinye akumele sibe phezulu kunesinye), futhi ngaphambili, umphimbo wokubhala kumele ube umugqa oqondile ohlanzekile.

Cwilisa izinyonga ku-inki ukuze isikonke sigcwale ngokwengxenye — i-inki kumele ingene emgudini ongumbobo futhi imanzelise umfantu. Thinta izinyonga ephepheni bese udweba umugqa. I-inki kumele igeleze ngokubushelelezi ukusuka emfantini kuya ephepheni ngomugqa olawulekile olingana nobubanzi bezinyonga zakho. Uma i-inki ingagelezi: umfantu ungase ube ncane kakhulu (welule ngama-mm ambalwa) noma umphimbo wezinyonga ungase ube nkuhla kakhulu (ubushelelezise). Uma i-inki iphuma ngalokhu kugcwala: umfantu ungase ube mkhulu kakhulu noma mude kakhulu — yenza ipeni elisha elinesifantu esifushane. Uma ipeni likhukhula futhi libamba iphepha: umphimbo wezinyonga unamahlangothi ankuhla noma abukhali — wabushelelezise. Ipeni lomhlanga elenziwe kahle likhiqiza umugqa othambile, onokuthinteka okuncane owehlukile kunezinyonga zensimbi — umhlanga ucindezeleka kancane ephepheni, unikeza isimilo esifudumele, semvelo ekubhaleni. Lesi similo siyisizathu sokuthi ababhali abaningi bakhetha amapeni omhlanga kweminye imibhalo.

Izinyonga zomhlanga ziguga ngokusetshenziswa — izinto zezitshalo ezithambile zikhukhulelwa kancane ngephepha. Lokhu kuvamile futhi kulindelekile. Uma izinyonga ziba yindilinga futhi imigqa ilahlekelwa ubukhali bayo (imvamisa ngemva kwemizuzu engu-30 kuya ku-60 yokubhala), sika kabusha izinyonga: susa isiziba esincane emphimbeni wokubhala ukuze udaluleke umphimbo omusha, obukhali. Ukusika kabusha ngakunye kunciphisa izinyonga ngo-0.5-1mm, futhi ungasika kabusha izikhathi eziningi ngaphambi kokuthi ukusika okucezile kuphele. Ekugcineni, uzodinga ukubumba kabusha ukusika okucezile nomfantu kusukela ekuqaleni, okunciphisa ipeni ngo-2-3cm. Ipeni elingu-20cm lingahlala izikhathi eziningi zokusetshenziswa nokusika kabusha. Gcina amapeni omhlanga endaweni eyomile — uswakama ubangela umhlanga ukuthi uthambeke futhi uvuvukale. Uma ipeni loma futhi libe lula ngemva kokugcinwa isikhathi eside, cwilisa isiqongo sezinyonga emanzini imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukubuyisa okuncane kokuthambekeka.