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Purified Sodium Hydroxide: Caustic Soda Dissolved in Alcohol, Filtered and Dried in Silver
Walkerma (Wikimedia Commons) · Public domain
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Purified Sodium Hydroxide: Caustic Soda Dissolved in Alcohol, Filtered and Dried in Silver

Commercial caustic soda carries alumina, carbonates, chlorides, phosphates, silicates and sulphates. For analysis, the British Pharmacopoeia of 1898 (quoted in the 1907 US Dispensatory) purified it with alcohol: sodium hydroxide dissolves in alcohol, most of those salts do not, so they are filtered off and the alcohol is evaporated in a silver dish. The result is free of phosphates and sulphates, nearly free of carbonate, but not quite free of alumina. The source gives no quantities, so none are given here. The picture: sodium hydroxide pellets (Walkerma, Wikimedia Commons, public domain).
Ophakathi
A day

Imiyalelo

1

Dissolve the caustic soda in alcohol

Put commercial caustic soda in a beaker and stir in alcohol until it has dissolved. Caustic soda burns skin and eyes: wear goggles and gloves.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

I-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide)I-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide)1 as required

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

I-ethanol - izinga lelabhorethri, 95 %I-ethanol - izinga lelabhorethri, 95 %
Ibhikha Le-borosilicateIbhikha Le-borosilicate
Induku Yengilazi YokugovuzaInduku Yengilazi Yokugovuza
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
2

Filter off what does not dissolve

Filter the solution. The salts that stay behind on the filter are the impurities.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ifanela Lengilazi ElinomlomoIfanela Lengilazi Elinomlomo
Iphepha LokuhluzaIphepha Lokuhluza
Ibhikha Le-borosilicateIbhikha Le-borosilicate
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
3

Evaporate to dryness in a silver dish

Evaporate the filtrate to dryness in a silver dish, adding a little distilled water from time to time as it goes. Caustic soda attacks glass and porcelain, hence the silver. Alcohol vapour catches fire: use an electric hot plate, no flame, in a well-aired place.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isitsha SesilivaIsitsha Sesiliva
Ipuleti ElishisayoIpuleti Elishisayo
Amanzi AcwengisisiweAmanzi Acwengisisiwe
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
4

Bottle the purified sodium hydroxide

The residue is purified sodium hydroxide. It draws water from the air (the source calls it deliquescent), so put it at once into well-stoppered bottles of hard glass. It should show no phosphate or sulphate, at most a trace of carbonate, and it is not quite free of alumina.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Amabhodlela engilazi anezivimboAmabhodlela engilazi anezivimbo
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha

Izinto

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Amathuluzi Adingekayo

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I-Sodium Hydroxide — izinga laselabhorethri

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Sodium Hydroxide by Causticizing Soda Ash with Slaked Lime

Sodium Hydroxide by Causticizing Soda Ash with Slaked Lime

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Ethanol 95 %: Wine Distilled, Rectified and Dried over Potash

Ethanol 95 %: Wine Distilled, Rectified and Dried over Potash

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Organic

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