UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Sodium Bicarbonate: Soda Crystals Exposed to Carbonic Acid in Chambers (the Old Process)
Before the ammonia-soda works, baking soda was made by simply letting carbonic acid gas soak into soda crystals, as Thorpe's Dictionary (1913) describes. The crystals stand in layers on a lath false bottom; the gas comes in below, nine of the crystals' ten molecules of water drain away as mother liquor, carrying the impurities with it, and after 6 to 9 days the crystals have turned into loose, damp bicarbonate in their own shape. It is dried at no more than 45 °C.
The picture: our diagram.
Oqalayo
3 weeks
Imiyalelo
1
1
Stack soda crystals on the lath bottom
Stack soda crystals on the lath bottom
Put ordinary soda crystals (yellow or inferior ones do as well) in regular layers on a false bottom of laths in a closed chamber (preferably iron), leaving space below for the drainage.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Isoda yokuwasha1 as requiredAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Igumbi Legesi Elinesisekelo Samapulangwe Esingelona Sangempela
Amagilavu erabha2
2
Pass in carbonic acid for 6 to 9 days
Pass in carbonic acid for 6 to 9 days
Lead carbonic acid gas in below the false bottom; it is usually made from calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid (ours: whiting in a gas generator). The mother liquor drains off through a U-tube in the chamber bottom. The process is finished when this flow stops, generally in 6 to 9 days.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
I-calcium carbonate (umcako omhlophe)1 as required
I-hydrochloric acid1 as requiredAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Isithando sokukhiqiza igesiIgumbi Legesi Elinesisekelo Samapulangwe Esingelona Sangempela
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliAmagilavu erabha3
3
Dry at no more than 45 °C
Dry at no more than 45 °C
Open the chamber: the bicarbonate keeps the shape of the crystals but is a loose, very damp powder. Dry it in a stove at no more than 45 °C; this generally takes 8 to 10 days. Ours: a drying oven.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Ihhavini yokomisa
Ithemomitha YaselabhorethriIzinto
3- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
Amathuluzi Adingekayo
6- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
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