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Water Bath: Copper Tank with Plug-In Heaters and an Air-Tube Thermostat (Lidberg, US 1,397,766, 1921)
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Water Bath: Copper Tank with Plug-In Heaters and an Air-Tube Thermostat (Lidberg, US 1,397,766, 1921)

An electric constant-temperature water bath for laboratory and bacteriological work. A copper tank sits in an insulated fibre-board box; two heater tubes and a thermostat tube are soldered through its wall so the heating coils and the switch plug in from outside. A switch adds extra coils to heat the water up quickly; then the thermostat alone holds the set temperature. Perforated trays on adjustable rods hold the tubes or flasks at the depth you choose. Result: a thermostatic water bath that holds its water at a set temperature. Source: T. Lidberg (Chicago Surgical & Electrical Co.), US 1,397,766 (1921). Unknown: sizes, the temperature range, the heater wire. Picture: the patent drawing.
Ophakathi
Unknown

Imiyalelo

1

Build the insulated tank

Make a rectangular box of fibrous board on four short legs and line it with hair felt or cloth. Set a sheet copper tank inside, its walls a little taller than the box and turned over the top edge as a bead. Make perforated trays of several shelves, each with an upright rod hooked at the top for lifting, and on each rod a sliding clip with a set screw whose end rests on the tank edge, to set how deep the tray hangs. Not given: sizes.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Okokwakha okungaziwaOkokwakha okungaziwa1 fibrous board box, legs
Indwangu engaziwaIndwangu engaziwa1 hair felt or cloth lining
Ishidi LethusiIshidi Lethusi1 tank
Ipuleti lesihlungo elinezimboboIpuleti lesihlungo elinezimbobo1 trays
Insimbi engaziwaInsimbi engaziwa1 rods, clips
Izikulufu zomshiniIzikulufu zomshini1 ucezu

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isikeli sensimbiIsikeli sensimbi
Insimbi yokushiselaInsimbi yokushisela
Izilinganiso ezingaziwaIzilinganiso ezingaziwa
2

Fit the heater tubes

Solder two watertight tubes across the tank, each closed at its inner end and open outside the wall, and a third for the thermostat. For each heater, wind two coils on a rod held in the tube by an insulating disk and an end head; join one end of each coil to the rod and the others to plates on the head, and cover the terminals with a cap plate. Slide each heater into its tube. Ours: nichrome wire. Not given: the coil ratings.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Ishubhu lethusiIshubhu lethusi3 heater and thermostat tubes
I-solder ye-tin nomthofuI-solder ye-tin nomthofu1 as needed
Ucingo lwe-nichromeUcingo lwe-nichrome1 four coils
Insimbi engaziwaInsimbi engaziwa2 rods, plates, caps
Into evimbela ugesi engaziwaInto evimbela ugesi engaziwa1 disks, heads

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Insimbi yokushiselaInsimbi yokushisela
Isaha SensimbiIsaha Sensimbi
3

Make the air-tube thermostat

In the closed thermostat tube, mount on an insulating disk a strip carrying a thermostatic bar with a contact at its free end. Facing it, pivot an adjustable bar with its own contact on a bracket in the tube's insulating head, held by a spring against an adjusting screw with a knob outside: turning it sets the temperature at which the contacts open. Bridge the contacts with a condenser to stop sparking. The air in the tube takes the bath's temperature and bends the bar. Ours: a bimetallic strip.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Ucezu lwezinsimbi ezimbiliUcezu lwezinsimbi ezimbili1 thermostatic bar
Insimbi engaziwaInsimbi engaziwa1 strip, bar, bracket, contacts, screw
Into evimbela ugesi engaziwaInto evimbela ugesi engaziwa1 disk, head
Isethi Yezinsimbi Ezisontekile ZokucindezelaIsethi Yezinsimbi Ezisontekile Zokucindezela1 ucezu
Isethi YamakhapheshithaIsethi Yamakhapheshitha1 spark condenser

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isethi yezikulufudrayivaIsethi yezikulufudrayiva
4

Wire and use it

Wire one coil of each heater through the thermostat, and the other coil of each through a hand switch, with a lamp across the supply to show when current flows. To start, close the switch so all four coils heat the water up. Once it is at temperature, open the switch: the thermostat then switches its two coils on and off to hold the bath steady. Lower the trays of tubes or flasks to the depth wanted.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Isivula esinesikhonkwaneIsivula esinesikhonkwane1 ucezu
Isokhethi yebhalbhuIsokhethi yebhalbhu1 ucezu
IlambuIlambu1 ucezu
Intambo egobekayo enepulakiIntambo egobekayo enepulaki1 ucezu

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isethi yezikulufudrayivaIsethi yezikulufudrayiva

Izinto

17

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

5

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