Ukusebenzisana
UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
English
Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with Manganese and Titanium Oxides, Bismuth Paste Fired On (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 6)
A varistor with manganese dioxide and titanium dioxide mixed into the zinc oxide, and bismuth oxide fired on from a paste: 99.0 % zinc oxide, 0.5 % manganese dioxide and 0.5 % titanium dioxide by moles, sintered at 1350 °C, coated with bismuth oxide paste and fired at 800 °C. The disc measured a C-value of 66 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 13.7.
Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 6. Unknown: what the silver paint is, and how strong the epoxy solution of the paste is. The spraying is ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999). The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
2 days
Imiyalelo
1
1
Weigh 99 : 0.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Weigh 99 : 0.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Mix zinc oxide, manganese dioxide and titanium dioxide 99 : 0.5 : 0.5 by moles. Ours, for 10 g: 9.898 g zinc oxide, 0.053 g manganese dioxide, 0.049 g titanium dioxide (our arithmetic). Mill wet for 5 hours, then dry, as in Example 1. Unknown: the milling liquid.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Impuphu Ye-Zinc Oxide9.898 g
I-manganese dioxide (i-pyrolusite)0.053 g
I-titanium dioxide0.049 gAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Isikali sesilinganiso
Umshini Wokugaya Ngamabhola Ensimbi
Ihhavini yokomisa2
2
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick at 340 kg/cm², as in Example 1.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Umshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic
Isikhunta sokucindezela idiski
I-Vernier Caliper3
3
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
Sinter in air at 1350 °C for 1 hour and let the discs cool in the furnace.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isithando se-muffle4
4
Lap both faces
Lap both faces
Lap both faces with silicon carbide abrasive. Example 6 gives no thickness.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Amagcubu e-silicon carbideI-Vernier Caliper5
5
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C
Coat both lapped faces with a paste of 50 % by weight bismuth oxide in a solution of epoxy resin in butyl alcohol, and fire it in air at 800 °C for 30 minutes. The bismuth oxide diffuses into the zinc oxide. Not given: how much paste, or the strength of the epoxy solution.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
I-bismuth oxide1 as requiredAmathuluzi adingekayo:
I-epoxy resin
I-n-ButanolIsithando se-muffle6
6
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint, as in Example 1. Ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999): wire-arc spray the aluminium from two 3.2 mm wires melted by an 18-40 V DC arc and atomised by compressed air, 15-20 cm from the disc and never at less than 45°, in at least two coats at right angles of 50-75 µm each. Unknown: the paint.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Isigaxa se-aluminium1 as 3.2 mm spray wire
Upende wesiliva odlulisa ugesi1 as required
Ucingo Lwethusi2 izicucuAmathuluzi adingekayo:
I-Vernier Caliper
Isibhamu sokufafaza nge-arc yocingo
Umcindezeli womoya wezimboniIzinto
7- 9.898 gIsibambeli
- Isibambeli
- 0.049 gIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
- 1 as 3.2 mm spray wireIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
- 2 izicucuIsibambeli
Amathuluzi Adingekayo
12- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
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