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Endless-Chain Trailing-Paddle Churn: Paddles Hung on a Chain Drag Through the Cream
Harvey Brown, New York, New York · Public domain (expired patent)
Buttercup

Criado por

Buttercup

7. outubro 2026IE
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Endless-Chain Trailing-Paddle Churn: Paddles Hung on a Chain Drag Through the Cream

Harvey Brown of New York received US 19,828, dated 6 April 1858, for a churn in which two shafts across a box carry notched wheels, an endless chain of links and connecting rods runs over them, and trailing paddles hang from the rods, twelve in his model. This rung prints the wheels, links and paddles, builds the box and makes butter.
Avançado
About 5 hours, plus printing

Instruções

1

The chain in numbers

A carregar o notebook Jupyter…
2

Paddles on a cylinder, before it

Pike set paddles on a turning cylinder; Brown hung them on an endless chain.
3

Read US 19,828

"The object of this invention is the churning of butter by agitation incidentally but more particularly by friction from the operation of the trailing paddles as attached to an endless chain in this invention, or to a single cylinder to which they might be attached and inclosed in a corresponding box."
4

Print the parts

Print four notched wheels (/uploads/blueprints/endless-chain-trailing-paddle-churn-notched-wheel.stl), 24 links (/uploads/blueprints/endless-chain-trailing-paddle-churn-link.stl) and 12 paddles (/uploads/blueprints/endless-chain-trailing-paddle-churn-paddle.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Materiais para este passo:

Filamento PETGFilamento PETG1 peça

Ferramentas necessárias:

Impressora 3D de filamento (FDM)Impressora 3D de filamento (FDM)
5

Box and shafts

Use a food-grade container about 360 × 140 × 200 mm. Drill its sides for two 10 mm square hardwood shafts, 150 mm apart and 90 mm above the floor; one passes out through the side for the crank. Fix two wheels on each shaft, 88 mm apart, and seal the holes.

Materiais para este passo:

Recipiente de armazenamento de grau alimentarRecipiente de armazenamento de grau alimentar1 peça
Cavilhas de madeira duraCavilhas de madeira dura1 peça
Vedante de siliconeVedante de silicone1 peça

Ferramentas necessárias:

Berbequim sem fiosBerbequim sem fios
Jogo de brocasJogo de brocas
SerroteSerrote
6

Chain and paddles

Cut twelve 104 mm rods of 4 mm steel. Join them with the links, two at each end, into an endless chain; thread a paddle on each rod by its eye. Lay the chain over the wheels, a rod in every notch, and glue a pine crank on the long shaft.

Materiais para este passo:

Varão de aço macioVarão de aço macio1 peça
Tábua de pinhoTábua de pinho1 peça
Cola de madeiraCola de madeira1 peça

Ferramentas necessárias:

Serra de arco para metaisSerra de arco para metais
Lima para metalLima para metal
7

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build: the box cut open to show the two shafts, four notched wheels, the twelve-rod chain and the trailing paddles dragging along its lower run.
Arquivo de designBLENDCC0 - Free
Descarregar modelo
8

Crank and churn

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 1.5 litres. Crank so the top of the chain moves away from the crank; the paddles trail through the cream. Time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Passo 8 - Image 1

Materiais para este passo:

Natas para baterNatas para bater1500 ml
Sal marinho grossoSal marinho grosso1 peça
ÁguaÁgua1 peça

Ferramentas necessárias:

Termómetro de sonda permanenteTermómetro de sonda permanente
CronómetroCronómetro
Balança digital de cozinhaBalança digital de cozinha
Taça grande de aço inoxidávelTaça grande de aço inoxidável
9

Troubleshooting

Endless-chain churn troubleshooting.

Flow

Loading...
10

History and honest limits

**Harvey Brown** of New York, US 19,828, 6 April 1858. He claimed the arrangement of the trailing paddles, wheels and gearing. He also allowed a floating board on the cream to add friction on the paddles' return; we leave it out. His drawing gives no sizes; ours are ours. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn.

Materiais

10

Ferramentas necessárias

10

Ficheiros de design

1

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