Opposed-Blade Cone Butter Worker: Blades Lift and Press the Butter in a Cone, Buttermilk Drains Below

"By subjecting the butter to the rolling and compressing action as described, its grain or molecules will not be broken, for it is not subjected to a direct pressure, the working of the butter resembling that given or produced by hand."

Print the bottom plate, the lower blades and the upper blades. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Use a tapered food-grade bucket as the case, cut a hole in its bottom and seal the bottom plate over it with food-safe silicone. Hang the bucket in a pine frame on two bolts through its sides, as his pivots, so it can be tipped to empty.

Stand a 10 mm square hardwood shaft in the plate's step, cut a groove up one side of its foot for the buttermilk, push on the lower blades and, above them, the upper blades, and fit a crank on top through a pine bar across the bucket's mouth.

US 19,103 drawing sheet, public domain (expired patent).

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Churn 1.5 litres in any churn and drain the butter. Set a bowl under the worker, put the butter in and turn the crank steadily; the buttermilk runs out through the plate. Add a pinch of salt and turn on to work it in. Tip the case to empty it and weigh the butter.

**Justin M. Smith** of Lyme, New London County, Connecticut, US 19,103, 12 January 1858. He wrote that the blades mix the salt through evenly and carry off hardened buttermilk; those are his claims. He did not claim a rotating shaft with arms in a case broadly; he claimed the shaft with its arms in the suspended inverted conical case with the perforated plate. A bucket and printed parts stand in for his wooden case. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn.