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Ventilating Paddle Rocking Churn: Hinged Paddles That Strike One Way and Slip the Other
George W. Cook, Schenectady, New York · Public domain (expired patent)
Woody

Creado por

Woody

6. octubre 2026NO
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Ventilating Paddle Rocking Churn: Hinged Paddles That Strike One Way and Slip the Other

Cook set out to let "a current of fresh air" into the churn "to hasten the production of the butter and to improve its quality." George W. Cook of Schenectady, New York, received US 3,460, dated 28 February 1844, for "Cook's Ventilating Churn": a semi-cylinder balanced on pivots so it rocks easily, its top closed by thin boards except a narrow opening in the middle. Inside, two frames at about 45° from the vertical, inclined opposite ways, carry perforated paddles hung on gudgeons. As the vessel is canted, one set swings square to its frame and strikes the cream while the other turns flat against its stops. This rung works out how the paddles hang, then prints the ends, frames and paddles, bends a stainless semi-cylinder, and makes butter.
Avanzado
About 6 hours, plus printing

Instrucciones

1

How the paddles hang

Cargando el cuaderno de Jupyter…
2

A rocking churn on pivots before it

The embedded blueprint rocks a box on gudgeons with springs to return it. Cook balances his vessel on pivots and puts hinged paddles inside.
3

Read US 3,460

"When the vessel is canted, as represented in Fig. 2 the paddles N drop down or turn on their gudgeons assuming a position nearly at right angles to the sides of the frame of the paddles. At the same time the paddles N2 of the other frame turn until they are in a line parallel with the sides of the frame when they strike against pins or stops O2 inserted into the sides of the frame on the inside thereof."
4

Print the parts

Print two vessel ends flat, each with its groove, pivot boss and the two ledges for the frames. Print two frames and eight perforated paddles. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Materiales para este paso:

Filamento PETGFilamento PETG1 pieza

Herramientas necesarias:

Impresora 3D de filamento (FDM)Impresora 3D de filamento (FDM)
5

Print the end

The end, printed as step 4 describes.
Archivo de DisenoSTLCC0 - Free
Descargar modelo
6

Print the frame

The frame, printed as step 4 describes.
Archivo de DisenoSTLCC0 - Free
Descargar modelo
7

Print the paddle

The paddle, printed as step 4 describes.
Archivo de DisenoSTLCC0 - Free
Descargar modelo
8

Bend and close the vessel

Cut a 0.5 mm stainless sheet 160 mm wide and about 252 mm long, deburr it, and bend it round a 160 mm form into a half circle. Seat it in both ends' grooves in silicone. Cut two thin plywood boards to close the top, sloping 10–15° down toward the middle and leaving a narrow opening there, as his.

Materiales para este paso:

Chapa de acero inoxidable - 304Chapa de acero inoxidable - 3041 pieza
Sellador de siliconaSellador de silicona1 pieza
Tablero contrachapadoTablero contrachapado1 pieza

Herramientas necesarias:

Tijeras de chapaTijeras de chapa
DesbarbadorDesbarbador
Maza de gomaMaza de goma
SargentosSargentos
Segueta (sierra de marquetería)Segueta (sierra de marquetería)
9

Hang the paddles and the vessel

Hang four paddles in each frame on M3 screws through the frame's sides, so they swing freely and lie against the stops one way. Set the two frames on the ledges inside the vessel, inclined opposite ways. Build a pine stand with two posts and hang the vessel on an M8 bolt through each end's boss, so it is nicely balanced.

Materiales para este paso:

Tornillos de máquinaTornillos de máquina1 pieza
Tuerca hexagonalTuerca hexagonal1 pieza
Tabla de pinoTabla de pino1 pieza
Tornillo para madera n.º 8 x 1"Tornillo para madera n.º 8 x 1"1 pieza
Cola de carpinteroCola de carpintero1 pieza

Herramientas necesarias:

SerruchoSerrucho
Taladro inalámbricoTaladro inalámbrico
Juego de brocasJuego de brocas
Juego de destornilladoresJuego de destornilladores
Llave inglesa ajustableLlave inglesa ajustable
10

The patent drawing

US 3,460 drawing sheet, public domain (expired patent).
Paso 10 - Image 1
11

Rock and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour 500 ml through the middle opening. Rock the vessel steadily from side to side; time until the butter comes. Lift out the frames, then pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

Materiales para este paso:

Crema de leche espesaCrema de leche espesa500 ml
Sal marina gruesaSal marina gruesa1 pieza
AguaAgua1 pieza

Herramientas necesarias:

Termómetro de sonda permanenteTermómetro de sonda permanente
CronómetroCronómetro
Báscula digital de cocinaBáscula digital de cocina
Bol grande de acero inoxidableBol grande de acero inoxidable
12

Paddles that stick, a vessel that tips

Ventilating paddle rocking churn troubleshooting.

Flow

Loading...
13

History and honest limits

**George W. Cook** of Schenectady, New York, received US 3,460, dated 28 February 1844. Blocks on the vessel's convex side met a cross bar of the frame to stop it canting too far; handles in its side rocked it; iron straps strengthened it; a plugged aperture drew off the milk; a button held the two frames in place. He claimed combining with a rocking churn "floats or paddles arranged in and hinged to a frame." **Honest limits.** Stainless sheet, plywood and printed parts stand in for his wooden vessel and frames. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Materiales

12

Herramientas requeridas

15

Archivos de diseño

3

Este plano hace

Thumbnail
Marcador

Mantequera

Free

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