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Crosshead Dasher Churn: Dashers Hinged to a Rising Crosshead Slide Their Outer Ends Up Inclined Grooves, Counter-Dashers Above
Harry Abbott · Public domain
Buttercup

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Buttercup

11. nóvember 2026IE
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Crosshead Dasher Churn: Dashers Hinged to a Rising Crosshead Slide Their Outer Ends Up Inclined Grooves, Counter-Dashers Above

Harry Abbott of North Huron, New York, received US 28,723, dated 19 June 1860, for a churn. In a long box a cross-head in the middle is raised and lowered by a lever; a frame dasher of rods is hinged to each side of it, its outer end sliding in a groove in the box's sides that slopes up inward, so the dashers' inner ends rise and fall while their outer ends move in and out. Above each, a dasher hinged to the box's end works against it and keeps the cream from splashing up. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
Lengra kominn
About 3 days

Leiðbeiningar

1

Inner ends up and down, outer ends in and out

Hleð Jupyter-vinnubók…
2

A hinged dasher in a long box, four months before

Cunningham swings one dasher from one end. Abbott lifts two from the middle and guides their outer ends in grooves.
3

Read US 28,723

"Arranged thus, the lower dashers E, E, have a compound motion; the inner ends being raised and lowered nearly vertically, while the outer ends are guided in and out nearly horizontally. The milk, or cream, passing through the rods g, g, of the dashers E, E, is violently and effectively agitated; while the rods o, o, of the auxiliary dashers, which have opposite and antagonistic motions, being arranged at right angles to the rods g, g, effectively break the currents, and allay the agitation on the surface."
4

Body A, legs a and grooves b and i

From 20 mm hardwood board make a box 600 x 260 mm inside and 300 deep, glued and screwed, its inside joints sealed with silicone sealant, on four pine legs 480 mm long. Before assembling, rout in each side a vertical groove b 50 mm wide and 10 deep in the middle, and near each end an inclined groove i 14 mm wide and 10 deep, rising inward at 25 degrees from 45 mm above the floor and running into the groove b's path at its top, so the dashers lift out. Cut a lid with a 24 mm square hole in the middle.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

HarðviðarborðHarðviðarborð4 stykki
FurutimburFurutimbur2 stykki
TrélímTrélím1 stykki
TréskrúfurTréskrúfur40 stykki
SílikonþéttiefniSílikonþéttiefni1 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

BorðsögBorðsög
HandfræsariHandfræsari
GráðubogiGráðubogi
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
StangarþvingaStangarþvinga
SkrúfjárnasettSkrúfjárnasett
MálbandMálband
5

Cross-head B and dashers E

Cut a hardwood cross-head 50 x 40 mm, 276 long, its ends fitting the grooves b. For each dasher make a frame of two hardwood side bars 16 x 50 mm, 240 long between pins, and ends f, with five 12 mm stainless rods g across it; fix a 10 mm stainless pin across its outer end, standing out 8 mm each side as the bearings h, and hinge its inner end to the cross-head with a 8 mm stainless pin and split pins, at d.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

HarðviðarborðHarðviðarborð1 stykki
Stöng úr ryðfríu stáliStöng úr ryðfríu stáli4 stykki
TrélímTrélím1 stykki
SplittiSplitti4 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

BorðsögBorðsög
Stangajárnasett fyrir tréStangajárnasett fyrir tré
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
JárnsögJárnsög
Þjalir (handþjöl)Þjalir (handþjöl)
6

Auxiliary dashers G

Make each auxiliary dasher as a frame 230 mm long with four hardwood rods o, 8 mm thick, along its length, at right angles to the rods g below. Hinge its outer end to the box's end 200 mm up with a staple over a hook, held by a button. Let its middle rod run on past its inner end and through a screw eye on the dasher E's inner end, so G's inner end follows E's.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

HarðviðarborðHarðviðarborð1 stykki
HarðviðartapparHarðviðartappar1 stykki
TrélímTrélím1 stykki
AugaskrúfaAugaskrúfa2 stykki
Krókur og lykkjaKrókur og lykkja2 stykki
TréskrúfurTréskrúfur8 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

BorðsögBorðsög
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
SkrúfjárnasettSkrúfjárnasett
7

Rod C, lever D and fulcrum c

Cut a hardwood rod C 24 mm square, 420 long, and fix its foot in the cross-head's middle. Bolt a hardwood link c 90 mm between holes to a block on the outside of one end of the box, near the top. Cut a hardwood lever D, 720 mm long with a handle shaped at one end, and bolt it to the top of rod C and, 360 mm from that pin, to the link's top.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

HarðviðarborðHarðviðarborð2 stykki
VagnboltiVagnbolti3 stykki
Læsiró með nælonhringLæsiró með nælonhring3 stykki
TrélímTrélím1 stykki
TréskrúfurTréskrúfur4 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

BorðsögBorðsög
StingsögStingsög
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
SkiptilykillSkiptilykill
8

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, one side left off: the cross-head in its middle grooves, the two rod dashers hinged to it with their outer bearings in the inclined grooves, the auxiliary dashers above hinged at the ends, the rod C, the lever D and its swinging fulcrum link.
HönnunarskráBLENDCC0 - Free
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9

Churn

Pour about 15 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, into the box and put on the lid. Work the lever up and down steadily, about 120 mm at the cross-head, timing it. When the butter comes, take off the lid, unhook the auxiliary dashers, lift the cross-head and dashers out by the grooves, take out the butter, pour the buttermilk into a bowl, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, salt and weigh it.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

RjómiRjómi15 l
Gróft sjávarsaltGróft sjávarsalt1 stykki
VatnVatn1 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

Hitamælir með nema sem situr íHitamælir með nema sem situr í
SkeiðklukkaSkeiðklukka
Stafræn eldhúsvogStafræn eldhúsvog
Stór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáliStór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáli
10

Troubleshooting

Crosshead dasher churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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11

History and honest limits

**Harry Abbott** of North Huron, Wayne County, New York, US 28,723, 19 June 1860 (signed 7 April 1860), "Churn". He claimed the dashers E guided by the vertical and inclined grooves, with the counter-acting dashers G. He gives no sizes and allows any equivalent way of working the cross-head; every size, the groove angle and the stroke here are ours.

Efni

15

Nauðsynleg verkfæri

17

Hönnunarskrár

1

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