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Water-Chamber Box Churn: A Turning Box With a Dash-Frame You Lower to Free the Butter
S. S. Langdon of Cleveland, Ohio, received US 25,126, dated 16 August 1859, for a rotary churn shaped like a common box. It turns on two journals in a frame. Inside, two zinc partitions set into saw kerfs make a cream chamber in the middle and two water chambers at the ends, for warm or cold water to temper the cream. A dash-frame of bars, held by a spring, sits midway while churning and is lowered to the bottom so the butter comes out without being pulled through it.
Langdon gives no sizes; every size here is ours, and stainless steel stands in for his zinc.
Intermedio
About 2 days
Istruzioni
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How much cream, how much water
How much cream, how much water
Caricamento del notebook Jupyter…
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A box churn tempered with water, before it
A box churn tempered with water, before it
Langdon knew a box churn with water chambers had been used without a dasher. He added the dash-frame.
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Read US 25,126
Read US 25,126
"When churning, I place the dash-frame about midway from the top to the bottom of the churn, as shown in Fig. 2. When the operation of churning is completed the dash-frame may be lowered to the bottom of the churn in order to remove the butter without interfering with the latter or causing it to adhere to the dasher".
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Box and kerfs
Box and kerfs
From 19 mm hardwood cut a bottom 440 x 278 mm, two sides 440 x 240 mm and two ends 240 x 240 mm. Saw a kerf 1 mm wide and 6 mm deep across each side and the bottom, 150.4 mm either side of the middle, for the partitions. Glue and screw the ends between the sides and the box onto the bottom, square.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Tavola di legno duro2 pezzi
Colla da legno1 pezzo
Viti da legno24 pezziStrumenti necessari:
Sega circolare da banco
Sega a mano
Trapano a batteria
Serie di punte da trapano
Morsetto a barra
Squadra fissa
Metro a nastro5
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Partitions F and the water chambers E
Partitions F and the water chambers E
Cut two stainless sheet plates 251 x 245 mm, 0.8 mm thick, and slide them down the kerfs: each closes off a water chamber 50 mm long at an end. Drill a 17 mm hole low in each end board and one in the bottom of the cream chamber, for the plugs. Fill the box with water overnight so the wood swells tight round the plates; check that each water chamber holds water without filling the cream chamber, then empty it.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Lamiera di acciaio inossidabile1 pezzo
Filamento PETG1 pezzoStrumenti necessari:
Cesoie da lattoniere
Lime (lima a mano)Trapano a batteria
Set di punte a lancia
Acqua
Stampante 3D a filamento (FDM)6
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Print the plugs L
Print the plugs L
A tapered plug 18 mm at the head, 25 mm long. Print three. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 100 % infill.
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Dash-frame K and spring K'
Dash-frame K and spring K'
Cut two hardwood rails 296 x 44 x 20 mm and seven bars 20 x 20 x 196 mm. Fix the bars between the rails set diamond-wise, one corner up, as Fig. 2 draws, 37 mm apart, glued and screwed through the rails. Rivet or screw a bowed strip of stainless spring steel, 256 mm long, along the outside of one rail so it presses on the side and holds the frame wherever you set it.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Tavola di legno duro1 pezzo
Nastro in acciaio inox laminato a freddo (420)1 pezzoColla da legno1 pezzoViti da legno14 pezziStrumenti necessari:
Sega circolare da bancoSega a manoTrapano a batteriaSerie di punte da trapanoCesoie da lattoniere8
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Cover G, journals B, frame A and crank C
Cover G, journals B, frame A and crank C
Cut the cover from 12 mm plywood to the box's outside size. Set four 6 mm bolts head down in the sides' top edges, 75 mm either side of the middle, through matching holes in the cover, with wing nuts on top. Glue and screw a hardwood block 80 x 80 x 40 mm to the middle of each end, bore it 20 mm, drive in a 20 mm steel stub and pin it with a bolt across. Build a pine frame on four posts with open slots in its top rails for the stubs, and a crank with a turned handle on one stub outside the frame.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Pannello di compensato1 pezzo
Assortimento di bulloni a testa esagonale6 pezzi
Dado ad alette4 pezzi
Rondella piana4 pezzi
Dado autobloccante con inserto in nylon2 pezziTavola di legno duro1 pezzo
Barra di acciaio grezza1 pezzo
Legno tenero 70x70 mm2 pezzi
Tavola di pino1 pezzoColla da legno1 pezzoViti da legno24 pezziStrumenti necessari:
Sega a manoTrapano a batteriaSet di punte a lanciaSerie di punte da trapano
Seghetto per metalli
Chiave regolabile a rullinoSquadra fissaMetro a nastro9
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The build in 3D
The build in 3D
FreeCAD model of this build, cover and one side cut away: the cream chamber between the stainless partitions, the water chambers at the ends with their plugs, the dash-frame of diamond-set bars midway, the journal blocks, the frame and the crank. The box was turned through 16 angles in the frame.
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Temper and churn
Temper and churn
Fill both water chambers with warm or cold water as needed, checked with the thermometer, and plug them. Set the dash-frame midway, pour in about 5 litres of heavy cream, bolt the cover on and turn the crank steadily, timing it. When the butter comes, take the cover off, push the dash-frame down to the bottom, lift the butter out over it and drain the buttermilk at the bottom plug. Wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Panna da montare5 l
Sale marino grosso1 pezzoAcqua1 pezzoStrumenti necessari:
Termometro a sonda permanente
Bollitore elettrico
Cronometro
Bilancia digitale da cucina
Grande ciotola da impasto in acciaio inossidabile11
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Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Water-chamber churn troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
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History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**S. S. Langdon** of Cleveland, Ohio, US 25,126, 16 August 1859, "Churn". He claimed his construction and arrangement of rotary churns with the dash-frame K and the water chambers E. He gives no sizes, so every size here is ours. Stainless steel replaces his sheet zinc because the cream and buttermilk touch the partitions; four wing-nut bolts are his "thumb screws placed on the edge of the cover"; the spring strip and the journal blocks are our versions of his spring K' and journals B.
Materiali
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Strumenti richiesti
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