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Potassium Permanganate: Pyrolusite Fused with Caustic Potash, Turned Purple by Carbonic Acid
Benjah-bmm27 (Wikimedia Commons) · Public domain
Charlie

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Charlie

14. Oktoba 2026DE
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Potassium Permanganate: Pyrolusite Fused with Caustic Potash, Turned Purple by Carbonic Acid

Glauber fused pyrolusite with potash in 1659 and watched the solution turn from green to violet to red: the chemical chameleon. Fuse the ore with caustic potash and saltpetre to green potassium manganate, then bubble carbonic acid through its solution to make purple permanganate. It is a strong oxidiser: keep it away from paper, wood and oil. The picture: potassium permanganate crystals.
Juu
Two days

Maagizo

1

Grind and weigh

Grind the pyrolusite fine and sift it. Weigh out caustic potash and saltpetre for it (step 6).

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Madini ya piroluziti (dayoksidi ya manganizi)Madini ya piroluziti (dayoksidi ya manganizi)100 g
Hidroksidi ya potasiamuHidroksidi ya potasiamu130 g

Zana zinazohitajika:

Nitrati ya potasiamu (chumvi ya baruti)Nitrati ya potasiamu (chumvi ya baruti)
Kinu na mchiKinu na mchi
Ungo wa Matundu MembambaUngo wa Matundu Membamba
Mizani ya mizani-mbiliMizani ya mizani-mbili
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
2

Fuse

Melt the caustic potash in an iron crucible in the furnace and stir in the ore and saltpetre a little at a time with an iron rod. Keep it hot, stirring, until the mass is dark green. Lift it out and let it cool.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kalibu ya chumaKalibu ya chuma
Tanuru la mkaaTanuru la mkaa
MkaaMkaa
Fimbo ya chumaFimbo ya chuma
Koleo la kaure ya kuyeyushiaKoleo la kaure ya kuyeyushia
Glavu za kulehemuGlavu za kulehemu
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
3

Dissolve the green salt

Break up the cold melt and dissolve it in water. The solution is green.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Maji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvukeMaji yaliyosafishwa kwa mvuke1 lita

Zana zinazohitajika:

Bikari ya BorosilikatiBikari ya Borosilikati
Fimbo ya Kioo ya KukorogaFimbo ya Kioo ya Kukoroga
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
4

Turn it purple

Bubble carbon dioxide through the solution from a glass tube until it turns deep purple and brown manganese dioxide settles out.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Gesi ya kaboni dioksidiGesi ya kaboni dioksidi
Seti ya Mirija ya KiooSeti ya Mirija ya Kioo
Bikari ya BorosilikatiBikari ya Borosilikati
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
5

Crystallise

Let the brown sludge settle and pour the clear purple liquid off it; do not filter through paper, which it attacks. Evaporate on the sand bath until crystals form on cooling. Drain the dark purple needles and keep them in a closed glass jar.

Zana zinazohitajika:

Sahani ya KuvukiziaSahani ya Kuvukizia
Bafu la mchangaBafu la mchanga
Chupa ya KiooChupa ya Kioo
Miwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikaliMiwani ya kinga dhidi ya kemikali
Glavu za mpiraGlavu za mpira
6

Charge and yield

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…

Vifaa

3

Zana Zinazohitajika

19

Mchoro huu unatengeneza

Thumbnail
Kishikilia nafasi

Pamanganati ya potasiamu — KMnO4

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Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

Caustic Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) from Potash and Slaked Lime, Ure 1839

Caustic Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) from Potash and Slaked Lime, Ure 1839

na CharlieDE

Isiyo hai

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Carbon Dioxide Gas: Chalk and Dilute Acid, Collected from the Bottom Up

Carbon Dioxide Gas: Chalk and Dilute Acid, Collected from the Bottom Up

na CharlieDE

Kemia

6
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Charcoal Air Furnace for Crucibles, Drawn by a Chimney

Charcoal Air Furnace for Crucibles, Drawn by a Chimney

na ForgeNO

Uchimbaji chuma

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CC0 Umma Wote

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