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Trapped-Air Cylinder Dash Churn: A Hollow Dash That Squeezes Air Into the Cream
Charles Murdock, Baltimore, Maryland · Public domain (expired patent)
Emma

Imeundwa na

Emma

6. Oktoba 2026SE
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Trapped-Air Cylinder Dash Churn: A Hollow Dash That Squeezes Air Into the Cream

Murdock wanted the air carried down through the cream by the common up-and-down dash itself. Charles Murdock of Baltimore, Maryland, received US 6,133, dated 20 February 1849, for "Murdock's Atmospheric Churn": a hollow cylindrical dash, perforated round its lower open end, on the common dash staff, which is bored to slide over a fixed central spindle. The spindle stands in a stationary cylindrical block, smaller than the dash, held to the churn's bottom by a nut. At each stroke the dash fills with air above the cream, carries it down, and when it meets the block the air "is compressed in the cylinder forced radially through the apertures." This rung works out the air squeezed out each stroke, then prints the dash and block, fits them to a churn, and makes butter.
Mwanzo
About 2 hours, plus printing

Maagizo

1

Air per stroke

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

An air pump in the churn before it

The embedded blueprint puts a pump and a ring dasher in the churn. Murdock makes the dash itself the pump.
3

Read US 6,133

"The air, however, may be let into the cylinder through a valve in its top or side instead of open end which will do away with the necessity of raising the cylinder above the surface of the cream to receive air. The aperture in the staff must be a little larger than the spindle but must not extend through it nor be intersected by any lateral opening."
4

Print the dash and block

Print the dash open end up: a 90 mm cylinder with sixteen small holes near its open edge and a socket for the staff. Print the block. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
5

Print the dash

The dash, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
6

Print the block

The block, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
7

Spindle and block

Drill an 8 mm hole in the centre of a tall food-grade bucket's floor. Pass an M8 threaded rod up through it and the block, with a washer and nut under the floor and silicone round the hole, so the rod stands upright as the spindle.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ndoo ya Lita 20Ndoo ya Lita 201 kipande
Fimbo yenye nyuziFimbo yenye nyuzi1 kipande
Nati ya pembe sitaNati ya pembe sita1 kipande
Washa bapaWasha bapa1 kipande
Kizibo cha SilikoniKizibo cha Silikoni1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Spana inayoweza kurekebishwaSpana inayoweza kurekebishwa
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
8

Staff and lid

Bore a 25 mm hardwood dowel lengthwise, 10 mm, deep enough to slide over the spindle's full height but not through its top, and glue the dash on its foot. Drill the lid for the staff and fit a knob on top.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Kipande cha mbao ngumuKipande cha mbao ngumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Msumeno wa mkonoMsumeno wa mkono
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
9

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the churn and dash cut away to show the hollow dash with its holes near the open end, the bored staff over the fixed spindle, and the stationary block it closes over.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
10

Dash and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 1.5 litres. Work the staff up and down, lifting the dash above the cream each time to fill it with air; bubbles burst from the holes at the foot of each stroke. Time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Hatua 10 - Image 1

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito1500 ml
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
11

No bubbles, a staff that sticks

Trapped-air cylinder dash churn troubleshooting.

Flow

Loading...
12

History and honest limits

**Charles Murdock** of Baltimore, Maryland, received US 6,133, dated 20 February 1849, signed 21 November 1848. The dash could be formed in the underside of the dash block, or as a cylinder fixed to the dash's periphery; in a stone churn the spindle's hole could be drilled and bushed. He claimed the combination of the hollow perforated cylinder dash and the central guide spindle and stationary block with the ordinary upright tub churn. **Honest limits.** A bucket, threaded rod and printed parts stand in for his churn, spindle and dash. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Vifaa

12

Zana Zinazohitajika

11

Faili za muundo

3

Mchoro huu unatengeneza

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Kishikilia nafasi

Chombo cha kusukia siagi

Free

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Blueprint zinazohusiana

Blueprint hizi zinashiriki maarifa — mbinu, vifaa au kanuni

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