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Whirl-Frame Air Dasher Churn: Free Wheels Spun by the Milk Inside a Revolving Frame
Martin

Imeundwa na

Martin

6. Oktoba 2026NO
32
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Whirl-Frame Air Dasher Churn: Free Wheels Spun by the Milk Inside a Revolving Frame

Routzahn put free-turning wheels inside his dasher so the milk itself would spin them. Nathaniel Routzahn of Middletown, Maryland, received US 7,199, dated 19 March 1850, for a churn-dasher of two L-shaped tubes of triangular section, running from near the cover down and in to the spindle, their horizontal arms perforated "through which air enters the milk during the revolution of the dasher." Between each upright arm and the axis, standards carry "whirls B, or wheels having inclined spokes," free to turn in planes through the axis. A bevel wheel and pinion turn the dasher fast, and "the friction thus produced by the whirls greatly facilitates the separation of the butter." This rung estimates how the whirls spin, then prints the hollow frame and two whirls, fits them in a bucket, and makes butter.
Kati
About 4 hours, plus printing

Maagizo

1

How the whirls spin

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

Beaters that turn on their own axes before it

The embedded blueprint gears its rollers to a fixed wheel. Routzahn's whirls have no gearing: the milk spins them.
3

Read US 7,199

"The dasher thus receives a rapid rotating motion, and the whirls in passing through the milk are rapidly turned by its pressure upon the inclined faces of their arms which reacting upon the milk through which they pass, subdivides the whole mass and puts it in violent agitation, during which air is supplied through the outer tubes."
4

Print the parts

Print the frame flat on its side in one piece with supports: two hollow triangular L-tubes, perforated along their horizontal arms and open at the top, the top bar, and standards for the whirls. Print two whirls and the crank arm. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
5

Print the frame

The frame, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
6

Print the whirl

The whirl, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
7

Print the crank arm

The crank arm, printed as step 4 describes.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
8

Hang the whirls

Set each whirl between its standards and pass a 3 mm stainless rod through the standards and the whirl's hub as its axle; it must spin freely. Blow through each tube's top to check the arm holes are clear.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ufito wa chuma lainiUfito wa chuma laini1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
9

Spindle and crank

Pass a 10 mm square hardwood spindle through the frame's hubs and glue it. Stand it in a seat drilled in the centre of a food-grade bucket's floor, through a plywood lid, and glue the crank arm and a dowel handle on top. Keep the tubes' open tops above the cream.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Ndoo ya Lita 20Ndoo ya Lita 201 kipande
Bati la mbao za kubandikaBati la mbao za kubandika1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Msumeno wa mkonoMsumeno wa mkono
10

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the bucket cut away to show the frame of two triangular L-tubes on the spindle, their perforated horizontal arms, and a free whirl on its axle between standards in each half.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
11

Crank and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 2 litres, below the tubes' open tops. Crank steadily and watch the whirls spin; time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Hatua 11 - Image 1

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito2000 ml
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
12

Whirls that won't spin, cream in the tubes

Whirl-frame air dasher troubleshooting.

Flow

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13

History and honest limits

**Nathaniel Routzahn** of Middletown, Frederick County, Maryland, received US 7,199, dated 19 March 1850. He did not limit himself to the bevel wheel and pinion: "a belt running on pulleys, or an ordinary cog wheel and pinion can be used for the same purpose." He claimed the combination of the whirls with the revolving frame dasher. **Honest limits.** Our crank turns the spindle directly, without his bevel gearing, so the frame and whirls turn slower; printed parts and a bucket stand in for his. The notebook gives an upper bound. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Vifaa

9

Zana Zinazohitajika

10

Faili za muundo

4

CC0 Umma Wote

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