Spring-Wire Twin Dash Churn: Two Hinged Dashes Rocked by a Sprung Wire on a Crank

Dugdale made the link between crank and dashes a spring. Samuel G. Dugdale of Richmond, Indiana, received US 8,219, dated 15 July 1851, for a churn: a water-tight box 16 inches long, nine wide and twelve deep, with two perforated dashes seven by six inches hung by hooks on staples three inches above the bottom at each end. A shaft with a three-inch crank turns in grooves in the box's edges, held down by the lid; an elastic wire bent round the crank, closed into an eye, has its ends hooked into staples on the dashes, "in such a manner that it will accommodate itself to the opening and closing of the same." This rung works out the dashes' swing, then prints the two dashes and shaft bearings, bends the spring wire, and makes butter.