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ẸWÀ ÀTI ÌLERA
IṢẸ́ ỌWỌ́
ÀṢÀ ÀTI ÌTÀN
ÌṢERÉ
ÀYÍKÁ
OÚNJẸ ÀTI OHUN MÍMU
REVERSE ENGINEERING
SÁYẸ́ǸSÌ
ERÉ ÌDÁRAYÁ
ÌMỌ̀-Ẹ̀RỌ
ÀWỌN OHUN WÍWỌ̀
Graduated Cylinders: Glass Tube on a Foot, Marked by Weighing Water
A graduated cylinder is a narrow glass tube standing on a foot, with a lip to pour and lines for volume; it measures more closely than a beaker. Guyton de Morveau introduced it in 1784. Close a straight tube flat, fuse a glass foot under it, pull a lip, anneal, then mark it by weighing in water.
The picture: graduated laboratory glassware engraved in 1895 (Alessandri): a litre flask, a graduated bottle and, on the right, a footed graduated cylinder with a lip.
Ilọsíwájú
An hour per cylinder, plus annealing
Ìlànà
1
1
Close the bottom
Close the bottom
Cut a straight, even tube to length, close one end in the flame and press it flat on the marver.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Àkójọpọ̀ Páìpù Gíláàsì1 ẹyọÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Abẹ́rẹ̀ Ìkọ̀wé Dáyámọ́ndì
Ọ̀gọ̀ ìfẹ́ dígí orí tábìlì
Marver (pẹpẹ ìyí ti dígí)
Gíláàsì ààbò
Ìbọ̀wọ́ Tí Ń Fara Da Ooru2
2
Fuse on a foot
Fuse on a foot
Melt a gather of rod, press it into a flat disc wider than the tube and, while both are hot, fuse it centred under the bottom so the cylinder stands.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Ọ̀pá Gíláàsì Borosilicate1 ẹyọÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ọ̀gọ̀ ìfẹ́ dígí orí tábìlìMarver (pẹpẹ ìyí ti dígí)Ìbọ̀wọ́ Tí Ń Fara Da Ooru3
3
Rim and lip
Rim and lip
Fire-polish and slightly flare the rim with the jacks and push out a small pouring lip.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ọ̀gọ̀ ìfẹ́ dígí orí tábìlì
Jacks (ìdì àwọn agbẹ̀dígí)4
4
Anneal
Anneal
Anneal in the kiln at the glass's annealing temperature and cool slowly.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Ìléru Ìsun5
5
Graduate by weighing water
Graduate by weighing water
Stand the cylinder on the balance, add water a few grams at a time (1 g is about 1 mL near room temperature) and scratch a line at the bottom of the meniscus at each step with the diamond scriber. Number the main lines.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Omi0.5 lítàÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Òǹwọ̀n ìdọ́gbaAbẹ́rẹ̀ Ìkọ̀wé Dáyámọ́ndì
Òṣùwọ̀n Kálípà Díjítà Ìnṣì 66
6
Spacing of the marks
Spacing of the marks
Ń ṣí ìwé Jupyter…
Àwọn ohun-èlò
3- Àyè
- Àyè
- 0.5 lítàÀyè
Ìtọ́nisọ́nà yìí ń ṣe
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