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Heavy Gas Oil: the 620-1,050 °F Cut from Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation of Crude Oil (Gulf, US 3,071,535)
A modern refinery splits crude oil in two towers: the first, at atmospheric pressure, takes off everything up to the furnace oil; the second, a vacuum tower, fractionates what is left to give gas oil for the catalytic cracker and a reduced crude for coking.
Result (Gulf's example): from 100,000 barrels a day of Kuwait crude, 36,950 of heavy gas oil boiling from 620 to 1,050 °F.
Source: Condrasky & Glazier, US 3,071,535 (Gulf, filed 1959), Table I. Not given: tower pressures, temperatures and vacuum. Hot oil: fire risk. Picture drawn by Youblob.
Ògbóǹtarìgì
1 day
Ìlànà
1
1
Charge the crude oil
Charge the crude oil
Feed crude oil to the atmospheric fractionating column. Gulf's example: 100,000 barrels per calendar day of Kuwait crude of 31.5° API gravity.
Àwọn ohun èlò fún ìgbésẹ̀ yìí:
Epo rọ̀bì100000 parts by volumeÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Táńkì ìtọ́jú epo
Pọ́ǹpù ìgbé omi
Òpó ìpọn ní ìfúnpá afẹ́fẹ́2
2
Top the crude at atmospheric pressure
Top the crude at atmospheric pressure
Take off the light cuts in the atmospheric column. Gulf's yields per 100,000: fuel gas 115 (as fuel-oil equivalent), C4 fraction 2,241, gasoline C5-190 °F 7,549 (the light straight-run gasoline, kept for isomerisation), naphtha 190-375 °F 15,700, furnace oil 375-620 °F 20,900.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Òpó ìpọn ní ìfúnpá afẹ́fẹ́3
3
Fractionate the topped crude under vacuum
Fractionate the topped crude under vacuum
Send the topped crude to the vacuum tower. Gulf does not give the vacuum or the temperatures.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Òpó ìpọn òfo-afẹ́fẹ́
Ẹ̀rọ ìfàfẹ́fẹ́jáde4
4
Draw the 620-1,050 °F heavy gas oil
Draw the 620-1,050 °F heavy gas oil
Draw off the heavy gas oil boiling from 620 to 1,050 °F: 36,950 per 100,000 of crude. The vacuum bottoms above 1,050 °F, 17,000, are the vacuum residue that goes to coking.
Àwọn irinṣẹ́ tí a nílò:
Òpó ìpọn òfo-afẹ́fẹ́Táńkì ìtọ́jú epoÀwọn irinṣẹ́ tó nílò
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