UBUHANZI
UBWIZA N'UBUZIMA
UBUKORIKORI
UMUCO N'AMATEKA
IMYIDAGADURO
IBIDUKIKIJE
IBIRIBWA N'IBINYOBWA
UBWUBATSI BUSUBIRA INYUMA
UBUMENYI
SIPORO
IKORANABUHANGA
IBYAMBARWA
Bearing Steel Bar (52100): Crucible Steel Alloyed with Chromium
52100 is the steel of ball bearings: about 1 % carbon and 1.5 % chromium (ASM). The standard, ASTM A295, allows 0.93–1.05 % carbon and 1.35–1.60 % chromium. Here crucible steel is melted with chromium and a little manganese, cast, forged to bar and annealed soft for working.
Our method, not the factory one: factory 52100 is melted in an electric furnace and vacuum-degassed to meet the standard's limits on inclusions. A crucible melt can reach the composition, but only a lab test shows whether it is clean enough for bearings.
The picture: our drawing, crucible to bar.
Hejuru
2 days
Amabwiriza
1
1
Weigh the charge
Weigh the charge
For 1 kg: 981.5 g crucible steel of about 1 % carbon, 15 g chromium and 3.5 g manganese (our figures; see the last step). Use steel whose analysis you know.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Icyuma gikomeye cy'isahani y'ishongesha981.5 g
Icyuma cya Kromiyumu15 g
Manganezi3.5 gIbikoresho bikenewe:
Iminzani ya Digitale yo mu Gikoni2
2
Melt
Melt
Pack the steel, chromium and manganese in a covered clay crucible and melt it in the furnace. The alloy is fully liquid above 1450 °C.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Ikirahure cy'Ibumba Kirekire
Itanura ry'amatafari
Umuvuba
Uturindantoki two gukomeza ibyuma
Ikanzu y'uruhu
Amadarubindi y'umutekano3
3
Cast the ingot
Cast the ingot
Lift the crucible out with tongs and pour into a cast-iron ingot mould. Let it cool.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Amakoro y'Icyombo Gishongesha
Imbumbe yo gusukamo icyuma gishongeyeUturindantoki two gukomeza ibyumaIkanzu y'uruhuAmadarubindi y'umutekano4
4
Forge to bar
Forge to bar
Heat the ingot to a cherry-red heat and no hotter, and draw it out on the anvil to a round or square bar. Reheat when the colour drops; never hammer it cold.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Amakara1 as requiredIbikoresho bikenewe:
Uruganda rw'umucuzi
Ingoyi
Inyundo nini
Inyundo ifite umutwe utambitse
Amafashi y'umucuzi
Ikigereranyo cya Digitale cy'Amasentimetero 6Uturindantoki two gukomeza ibyumaIkanzu y'uruhuAmadarubindi y'umutekano5
5
Test the analysis
Test the analysis
Drill clean chips from the bar and have a lab analyse carbon, chromium, manganese, silicon, phosphorus and sulphur. Keep the bar only if it is within 52100 limits.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Igikoresho cyo gutobora gikoreshwa n'intoki
Icupa ry'Ikirahure Rifite UmufunikoAmadarubindi y'umutekano6
6
Anneal soft
Anneal soft
In the oven, hold the bar at 793 °C (1460 °F) for 30 minutes, cool in the oven no faster than 500 °C an hour to 682 °C (1260 °F), then cool in air (Verhoeven's anneal).
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Itanura ryo gutunganya hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe
Termokupuli ifite igaragazaAmafashi y'umucuziUturindantoki two gukomeza ibyuma7
7
The charge
The charge
Gupakira ikaye ya Jupyter…
Ibikoresho
4- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- 3.5 gUmwanya
- 1 as requiredUmwanya
Ibikoresho bikenewe
19- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
Iki gishushanyo gikora
Blueprint zijyanye
Izi blueprint zisangira ubumenyi — uburyo, ibikoresho cyangwa amahame
Crucible Cast Steel by the Huntsman Process — Remelting Blister Steel into Flawless Ingots
na Tarkin
Ubucuzi bw'Ibyuma
43
0
0
0
0
0
Chromium Metal: Chromic Oxide Reduced by Aluminium (Thermit)
na Forge
Ubucuzi bw'Ibyuma
7
0
0
0
0
0
Tool-Steel Bar: Crucible Steel Drawn Out at a Cherry-Red Heat
na Forge
Steel & Iron
24
0
0
0
0
0
CC0 Umurenge rusange
Iyi blueprint yasohowe munsi ya CC0. Ushobora gukoporora, guhindura, gukwirakwiza no gukoresha nta kwemererwa.
Shyigikira Umuremyi ugura ibicuruzwa binyuze muri Blueprint ye Komisiyo y'Umuremyi byashyizweho n'Abacuruzi, cyangwa kora verisiyo nshya y'iyi Blueprint ukayinjiza nk'isano muri Blueprint yawe kugira ngo musangire inyungu.