UBUHANZI
UBWIZA N'UBUZIMA
UBUKORIKORI
UMUCO N'AMATEKA
IMYIDAGADURO
IBIDUKIKIJE
IBIRIBWA N'IBINYOBWA
UBWUBATSI BUSUBIRA INYUMA
UBUMENYI
SIPORO
IKORANABUHANGA
IBYAMBARWA
Potassium Permanganate: Pyrolusite Fused with Caustic Potash, Turned Purple by Carbonic Acid
Benjah-bmm27 (Wikimedia Commons) · Public domain
Charlie

Yaremwe na

Charlie

14. Ukwakira 2026DE
8
0
0
0
0

Potassium Permanganate: Pyrolusite Fused with Caustic Potash, Turned Purple by Carbonic Acid

Glauber fused pyrolusite with potash in 1659 and watched the solution turn from green to violet to red: the chemical chameleon. Fuse the ore with caustic potash and saltpetre to green potassium manganate, then bubble carbonic acid through its solution to make purple permanganate. It is a strong oxidiser: keep it away from paper, wood and oil. The picture: potassium permanganate crystals.
Hejuru
Two days

Amabwiriza

1

Grind and weigh

Grind the pyrolusite fine and sift it. Weigh out caustic potash and saltpetre for it (step 6).

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Amabuye ya piroluzite (diokside ya manganeze)Amabuye ya piroluzite (diokside ya manganeze)100 g
Idorokiside ya potasiyumuIdorokiside ya potasiyumu130 g

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Nitarate ya potasiyumu (nitiri)Nitarate ya potasiyumu (nitiri)
Isekuru n'UmuhiniIsekuru n'Umuhini
Akayunguruzo Gafite Urukoma RutoAkayunguruzo Gafite Urukoma Ruto
Umunzani w'ibiroUmunzani w'ibiro
Amadarubindi yo Kwirinda IbinyabutabireAmadarubindi yo Kwirinda Ibinyabutabire
Uturindantoki tw'ikawusuUturindantoki tw'ikawusu
2

Fuse

Melt the caustic potash in an iron crucible in the furnace and stir in the ore and saltpetre a little at a time with an iron rod. Keep it hot, stirring, until the mass is dark green. Lift it out and let it cool.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Akabindi k'icyumaAkabindi k'icyuma
Itanura ry'amakaraItanura ry'amakara
AmakaraAmakara
Uruti rw'icyumaUruti rw'icyuma
Amakoro y'Icyombo GishongeshaAmakoro y'Icyombo Gishongesha
Uturindantoki two gukomeza ibyumaUturindantoki two gukomeza ibyuma
Amadarubindi yo Kwirinda IbinyabutabireAmadarubindi yo Kwirinda Ibinyabutabire
3

Dissolve the green salt

Break up the cold melt and dissolve it in water. The solution is green.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Amazi YatunganyijweAmazi Yatunganyijwe1 litiro

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Igikombe cya BorosilikateIgikombe cya Borosilikate
Akati k'Ikirahure ko KuvangaAkati k'Ikirahure ko Kuvanga
Amadarubindi yo Kwirinda IbinyabutabireAmadarubindi yo Kwirinda Ibinyabutabire
Uturindantoki tw'ikawusuUturindantoki tw'ikawusu
4

Turn it purple

Bubble carbon dioxide through the solution from a glass tube until it turns deep purple and brown manganese dioxide settles out.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Gaze ya dioxyde de carboneGaze ya dioxyde de carbone
Agafuka k'imiyoboro y'ikirahureAgafuka k'imiyoboro y'ikirahure
Igikombe cya BorosilikateIgikombe cya Borosilikate
Amadarubindi yo Kwirinda IbinyabutabireAmadarubindi yo Kwirinda Ibinyabutabire
Uturindantoki tw'ikawusuUturindantoki tw'ikawusu
5

Crystallise

Let the brown sludge settle and pour the clear purple liquid off it; do not filter through paper, which it attacks. Evaporate on the sand bath until crystals form on cooling. Drain the dark purple needles and keep them in a closed glass jar.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Isahani yo kumishaIsahani yo kumisha
Isahani y'umucangaIsahani y'umucanga
Icupa ry'IkirahureIcupa ry'Ikirahure
Amadarubindi yo Kwirinda IbinyabutabireAmadarubindi yo Kwirinda Ibinyabutabire
Uturindantoki tw'ikawusuUturindantoki tw'ikawusu
6

Charge and yield

Gupakira ikaye ya Jupyter…

Ibikoresho

3

Ibikoresho bikenewe

19

Iki gishushanyo gikora

Thumbnail
Agateganyo

Perimanganate ya potasiyumu — KMnO4

Free

77
0

Blueprint zijyanye

Izi blueprint zisangira ubumenyi — uburyo, ibikoresho cyangwa amahame

Caustic Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) from Potash and Slaked Lime, Ure 1839

Caustic Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) from Potash and Slaked Lime, Ure 1839

na CharlieDE

Bidafite Ubuzima

18
0
0
0
0
0
Carbon Dioxide Gas: Chalk and Dilute Acid, Collected from the Bottom Up

Carbon Dioxide Gas: Chalk and Dilute Acid, Collected from the Bottom Up

na CharlieDE

Ubutabire

6
0
0
0
0
0
Charcoal Air Furnace for Crucibles, Drawn by a Chimney

Charcoal Air Furnace for Crucibles, Drawn by a Chimney

na ForgeNO

Ubucuzi bw'Ibyuma

24
0
0
0
0
0

CC0 Umurenge rusange

Iyi blueprint yasohowe munsi ya CC0. Ushobora gukoporora, guhindura, gukwirakwiza no gukoresha nta kwemererwa.

Shyigikira Umuremyi ugura ibicuruzwa binyuze muri Blueprint ye Komisiyo y'Umuremyi byashyizweho n'Abacuruzi, cyangwa kora verisiyo nshya y'iyi Blueprint ukayinjiza nk'isano muri Blueprint yawe kugira ngo musangire inyungu.

Ibiganiro

(0)

Injira kugira ngo ujye mu biganiro

Gutegura ibitekerezo...