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Spiral-Vane Spring-Agitator Churn: Vanes That Snap Springs on the Bottom

Peter H. Watson, Rockford, Illinois · Public domain (expired patent)

أنشأه

Martin

6. أكتوبر 2026

Spiral-Vane Spring-Agitator Churn: Vanes That Snap Springs on the Bottom

Watson wanted "the lower stratum of the cream" kept "in brisk motion" while a dasher lifted the rest. Peter H. Watson of Rockford, Illinois, assignor to Nathaniel S. Wheeler of Painesville, Ohio, received US 5,573, dated 16 May 1848, for a churn with a rotary spiral dasher — flat vanes fixed between arms ninety degrees apart, so they twist into spirals — over "elastic vibrating agitators": a removable cross on the bottom carrying curved springs that the vanes press down and release. A tube in the lid lets air in and a tube in the side lets it out, kept circulating by the dasher. He set the churn obliquely on a frame to turn the winch. This rung counts the springs' snaps, then prints the vane spiders and the spring cross, twists flat vanes between them, and makes butter.

متقدم

About 5 hours, plus printing

التعليمات

Springs and vanes

جارٍ تحميل دفتر Jupyter…

A spiral that lifts the cream before it

The embedded blueprint lifts cream with an Archimedean screw in a tube. Watson's twisted vanes lift it in the open churn and let it fall through the air.

Read US 5,573

"On the upper side of these arms a series of curved elastic pieces of wood or metal are secured by one end, the end projecting from the arm at right angles or nearly so and inclining upward; as the vanes of the dasher revolve in the direction indicated by the arrows Figs. 2 and 3 they depress the springs f f f in its passing over them, but the moment the vane has turned far enough to release the spring the latter flies up again to its former position."

Print the parts

Print two vane spiders (/uploads/blueprints/spiral-vane-spring-agitator-churn-spider.stl), the agitator cross with its twelve tongues (/uploads/blueprints/spiral-vane-spring-agitator-churn-agitator.stl) and the crank arm (/uploads/blueprints/spiral-vane-spring-agitator-churn-crank-arm.stl). Print the cross in PETG if you have it: its thin tongues must flex and spring back. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

خيط PETG1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

طابعة ثلاثية الأبعاد بالخيط (FDM)

Twist the vanes

Glue the spiders on a 10 mm square hardwood shaft 110 mm apart, the upper turned 90° to the lower. Cut four strips of thin stainless sheet about 60 × 130 mm, deburr them, and seat each in a lower spider's slot and the next upper slot round, so it twists a quarter turn into a spiral, as his did. Glue them in.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

أوتاد من خشب صلب1 قطعة

لوح من فولاذ مقاوم للصدأ - 3041 قطعة

إيبوكسي ثنائي المكوّن1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مقصّ صفائح

أداة إزالة الحواف الزائدة

ملازم

The tub

Set the agitator cross on the floor of a food-grade bucket, the shaft's foot through its centre hole into a drilled seat. Drill the lid at the centre for the shaft, and fit a short tube in the lid and another near the top of the side for the air. Glue the crank arm and a dowel handle on the shaft. Prop the bucket at an angle on a pine frame for cranking.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

دلو سعة 20 لترًا1 قطعة

لوح صنوبر1 قطعة

برغي خشب #8 × 1 بوصة1 قطعة

غراء خشب1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مثقاب لاسلكي

طقم لقم ثقب

منشار يدوي

طقم مفكات

The patent drawing

US 5,573 drawing sheet, public domain (expired patent).

Crank and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 1.5 litres. Crank the way the springs incline, so the vanes press them down and let them fly up; time until the butter comes. Lift out the cross to gather the butter with the dasher alone, as he allowed. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

قشدة كاملة الدسم1500 مل

ملح بحري خشن1 قطعة

ماء1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مقياس حرارة بمجس يبقى داخل الطعام

ساعة إيقاف

ميزان مطبخ رقمي

وعاء خلط كبير من فولاذ مقاوم للصدأ

Springs that break, vanes that jam

Spiral-vane spring-agitator churn troubleshooting.

Flow

History and honest limits

**Peter H. Watson** of Rockford, Winnebago County, Illinois, received US 5,573, dated 16 May 1848, assigned to Nathaniel S. Wheeler of Painesville, Ohio. The dasher had eight horizontal arms; each vane could be "one broad piece or of several narrow pieces"; the agitators could be removed once the butter was separated. He claimed "the combination of the elastic vibrating agitator with the rotary spiral dasher." **Honest limits.** A bucket, printed spiders and a printed spring cross stand in for his tub and wooden or metal springs; our dasher has four vanes on two spiders. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.