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Double-Acting Swing Dash Churn: Two Dasher Strokes From Every Swing
Martin

Created by

Martin

6. October 2026NO
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Double-Acting Swing Dash Churn: Two Dasher Strokes From Every Swing

The Davises doubled the work a swinging churn gets from each swing. William F. Davis and Nathan Davis of Castleton, Vermont, received US 9,416, dated 23 November 1852, for "The Oscillating Double-Acting Dash-Churn": a tank hung in a pendulum frame between standards three and a half feet long; a connecting board pinned to one pendulum bar, slotted to slide on the rock shaft, carrying two pins that enter two opposite notches in a wheel fixed to the rock shaft; and a lever from the rock shaft to a hollow dash stick with a valve "for the purpose of preventing a vacuum underneath the dash." This rung works out the strokes, then prints the notched wheel and connecting board, builds the frame and swing, and makes butter.
Advanced
About 6 hours, plus printing

Instructions

1

Strokes per minute

Loading Jupyter Notebook...
2

The swing churn it doubles

The embedded blueprint gives one dasher stroke per swing through a bent lever. The Davises' notched wheel and two-pinned board give two.
3

Read US 9,416

"As the swing moves from the center toward the left and back the upper pin leaves the upper notch and the lower pin enters its respective notch, producing substantially the same result as when the upper pin entered the upper notch and passed toward the right and back. Thus we produce two complete motions of the dash from one full oscillation of the pendulum bars."
4

Print the parts

Print the notched wheel (/uploads/blueprints/double-acting-swing-dash-churn-notched-wheel.stl) and the connecting board with its slot and two pins (/uploads/blueprints/double-acting-swing-dash-churn-connecting-board.stl). Reuse the dasher and valve plug from the pendulum swing dash churn if you have them. Print in PLA at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Materials for this step:

PLA FilamentPLA Filament1 piece

Tools needed:

FDM 3D PrinterFDM 3D Printer
5

Frame and swing

Build two pine A-frames about 520 mm tall joined at the top, with diagonal cross pieces carrying the rock shaft, and hang a swing of two pine bars and a plywood board from a rod at the top. Stand a straight-sided food-grade container on the board as the tank.

Materials for this step:

Pine BoardPine Board1 piece
Plywood SheetPlywood Sheet1 piece
Mild Steel RodMild Steel Rod1 piece
Food-Grade Storage ContainerFood-Grade Storage Container1 piece
#8 x 1" Wood Screw#8 x 1" Wood Screw1 piece

Tools needed:

Hand SawHand Saw
Cordless DrillCordless Drill
Drill Bit SetDrill Bit Set
Screwdriver SetScrewdriver Set
6

Wheel, board, lever and dash

Fix the notched wheel on a 12 mm steel rock shaft. Pin the connecting board to one swing bar, its slot over the shaft, so its pins meet the notches. Fix a pine lever to the rock shaft and pin its end to a hollow 18 mm food-grade tube dash stick with a leather flap valve near its top and a perforated dasher at its foot.

Materials for this step:

Mild Steel RodMild Steel Rod1 piece
Pine BoardPine Board1 piece
PVC PipePVC Pipe1 piece
Leather StripLeather Strip1 piece
Machine ScrewsMachine Screws1 piece
Hex NutHex Nut1 piece
Two-Part EpoxyTwo-Part Epoxy1 piece

Tools needed:

HacksawHacksaw
Cordless DrillCordless Drill
Drill Bit SetDrill Bit Set
Adjustable SpannerAdjustable Spanner
7

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the A-frames, the swing with the tank cut away to show the dash stick and dasher, the notched wheel on the rock shaft and the slotted connecting board with its pins.
Design FileBLENDCC0 - Free
Download Model
8

Swing and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 2 litres. Swing the tank steadily; the dasher strokes twice each full swing. Time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.
Step 8 - Image 1

Materials for this step:

Heavy CreamHeavy Cream2000 ml
Coarse Sea SaltCoarse Sea Salt1 piece
WaterWater1 piece

Tools needed:

Leave-In Probe ThermometerLeave-In Probe Thermometer
StopwatchStopwatch
Digital Kitchen ScaleDigital Kitchen Scale
Stainless Steel Mixing Bowl (Large)Stainless Steel Mixing Bowl (Large)
9

Pins that miss, a dash that sticks

Double-acting swing dash troubleshooting.

Flow

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10

History and honest limits

**William F. Davis and Nathan Davis** of Castleton, Rutland County, Vermont, received US 9,416, dated 23 November 1852. Their standards were 2 by 1 inches, 3½ feet long, spread three feet at the bottom, pairs 15 inches apart; the swing board was 13 by 14 inches; the dash stick's hole was ⅝ inch. They claimed the combination of the swing, slotted board, wheel, rock shaft and lever producing two motions of the dash from one oscillation. **Honest limits.** A smaller frame, a container and printed parts stand in for theirs; their swing length is estimated. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.

Materials

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Tools Required

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Design Files

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CC0 Public Domain

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