Partition Air-Tube Plunger Churn: Cream Rushing Through Branch Tubes Draws Air Down

O'Neil used the rush of the cream itself to draw air into it. John O'Neil of Xenia, Ohio, received US 7,531, dated 30 July 1850, for an atmospheric churn: a box divided by a movable partition with its lower edge perforated; an air tube down the partition with a bowl at its top, in the lid, holding a spring-closed hinged valve; a horizontal tube at its foot and branch tubes through the partition's lower edge, which "serve the double purpose of breaking the cream as it passes through and of communicating the current of atmosphere to the opposite apartment." Two plungers on a rocking lever, one cut to pass over the air tube, work oppositely. This rung estimates the suction, then prints the partition with its tubes, the valve bowl and the plungers, builds the box and lever, and makes butter.