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Tubular Disk Dasher Churn: A Wide Shallow Churn That Rolls the Butter Into Balls

Samuel P. Francisco, Reading, Pennsylvania · Public domain (expired patent)

أنشأه

TheChef

6. أكتوبر 2026

Tubular Disk Dasher Churn: A Wide Shallow Churn That Rolls the Butter Into Balls

Francisco wanted a churn that both mixed air into the cream and gathered the separated butter "into large balls or rolls." Samuel P. Francisco of Reading, Pennsylvania, received US 6,544, dated 19 June 1849, for an atmospheric churn: a wide and shallow tub with, near its bottom, a revolving disk nearly as large as the tub, "perforated with radial tubular channels" from its periphery to its centre, where they meet a tubular stem open at the top. The forward sides of the channels project, so in rapid motion "a partial vacuum is formed in the cream behind the projecting side of the channel into which the air rushes." Once the butter appears the disk is turned slowly, and the particles roll on its upper surface into balls. This rung works out the speed the air needs, then prints the disk dasher in one piece, fits it in a wide shallow tub, and makes butter.

متوسط

About 2 hours, plus printing

التعليمات

Speed for the air

جارٍ تحميل دفتر Jupyter…

Air drawn down a hollow stem before it

The embedded blueprint draws air down a hollow shaft into two arms. Francisco spreads it through channels in a disk near the bottom of a shallow tub.

Read US 6,544

"At this point of the process, the motion of the dasher, before rapid, is reduced and moved around very slowly and gently, and the particles of the butter by abrasion upon its upper surface are brought into contact with, and cohere to each other, forming large balls or rolls."

Print the dasher

Print the disk dasher flat in one piece (/uploads/blueprints/tubular-disk-dasher-churn-dasher.stl), with supports in the channels: a 176 mm disk with six radial channels, their mouths' forward sides projecting, and a hollow stem with a cross hole for the handle bar. It needs a 200 mm bed. Blow down the stem to check each channel is clear. Print the step (/uploads/blueprints/tubular-disk-dasher-churn-step.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

خيط PETG1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

طابعة ثلاثية الأبعاد بالخيط (FDM)

The tub

Take a wide, shallow food-safe container about 200 mm across and 90 mm deep, and bed the step in the centre of its floor with silicone.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

حافظة خزن بدرجة غذائية1 قطعة

مادة إحكام سيليكونية1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

شريط قياس

Handle

Stand the dasher's pivot in the step. Push a 12 mm hardwood dowel through the stem's cross hole as a handle bar, leaving the stem's top open for the air.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

أوتاد من خشب صلب1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

منشار يدوي

ورق صنفرة

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the shallow tub cut away to show the disk dasher in its step, the radial channels' projecting mouths at its rim, the hollow stem, and the handle bar.

ملف التصميمBLENDCC0 - Free

تنزيل النموذج

Spin, then roll the butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in about 2 litres, enough to stand 40–50 mm above the disk and no more, as he said. Twist the bar back and forth as fast as you can and watch for bubbles; when the butter appears in fine grains, turn it slowly and gently so the grains roll into balls on the disk. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

قشدة كاملة الدسم2000 مل

ملح بحري خشن1 قطعة

ماء1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مقياس حرارة بمجس يبقى داخل الطعام

ساعة إيقاف

ميزان مطبخ رقمي

وعاء خلط كبير من فولاذ مقاوم للصدأ

No bubbles, butter that will not ball

Tubular disk dasher churn troubleshooting.

Flow

History and honest limits

**Samuel P. Francisco** of Reading, Berks County, Pennsylvania, received US 6,544, dated 19 June 1849. His spindle passed through the tub's bottom in a water-tight bearing, stepped in a stirrup below, and was turned by a pulley and band from a hand wheel. He held that balling the butter saves "all those fine particles which in the ordinary process pass through the meshes of the strainer"; that is his claim. He claimed the tubulated disk dasher with a hollow stem, for churning with air and gathering the butter into balls. **Honest limits.** We twist the stem by a bar from above instead of his band and hand wheel, so it turns well below the notebook's speed; a container and a printed disk stand in for his. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.