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X-Beater Centrifugal-Tube Churn: Crossed Beaters With Tubes That Throw the Cream Out

Henry Skinner, Attica, New York · Public domain (expired patent)

أنشأه

TheChef

6. أكتوبر 2026

X-Beater Centrifugal-Tube Churn: Crossed Beaters With Tubes That Throw the Cream Out

Skinner wanted to stop the cream "being carried round with the beaters in a circular mass." Henry Skinner of Attica, New York, received US 8,596, dated 16 December 1851, for a churn tub shaped as a frustum of a cone with four vertical ledges inside, and a dasher of two beaters fixed at their lower ends to an angular board and at their upper ends to a cross piece, inclining upward in contrary directions "so as to form a figure resembling the letter X." Tapered tin tubes from openings in the beaters, not in the same horizontal plane, discharge the cream centrifugally against the ledges and the tub. A dish-shaped plate in the bottom guides the shaft's point into its bearing. This rung works out the throw, then prints the X beaters with their tubes and the dish plate, fits them in a tub, and makes butter.

متوسط

About 3 hours, plus printing

التعليمات

The throw

جارٍ تحميل دفتر Jupyter…

Breaking the cream's swirl before it

The embedded blueprint shapes its floats against the swirl. Skinner adds ledges in the tub and throws the cream out through tubes.

Read US 8,596

"The use of this dish shape or concave plate D, is to catch the point of the vertical shaft C, when placing it with the beaters into the tub, and direct it to the central hole in which said shaft revolves."

Print the parts

Print the X beaters with their tapered elbow tubes in one piece, with supports (/uploads/blueprints/x-beater-centrifugal-tube-churn-beaters.stl). Print the dish plate (/uploads/blueprints/x-beater-centrifugal-tube-churn-dish-plate.stl) and the crank arm (/uploads/blueprints/x-beater-centrifugal-tube-churn-crank-arm.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

خيط PETG1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

طابعة ثلاثية الأبعاد بالخيط (FDM)

The tub

Use a tapered food-grade bucket. Glue four plywood strips upright inside it at equal distances as his ledges, and screw the dish plate to the centre of its floor, sealed with silicone.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

دلو سعة 20 لترًا1 قطعة

لوح خشب رقائقي1 قطعة

مادة إحكام سيليكونية1 قطعة

برغي خشب #8 × 1 بوصة1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

منشار تخريم

طقم مفكات

ملازم

Shaft and crank

Glue the beaters on a 10 mm square hardwood shaft, its foot rounded to a point to sit in the dish. Pass it through a plywood lid with a centre hole and glue on the crank arm and a dowel handle.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

أوتاد من خشب صلب1 قطعة

لوح خشب رقائقي1 قطعة

غراء خشب1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

منشار يدوي

ورق صنفرة

مثقاب لاسلكي

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, not of the patent: the tapered tub cut away to show the ledges, the dish plate, and the crossed beaters with their tapered elbow tubes on the shaft.

ملف التصميمBLENDCC0 - Free

تنزيل النموذج

Crank and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 2 litres. Crank steadily; time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

قشدة كاملة الدسم2000 مل

ملح بحري خشن1 قطعة

ماء1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مقياس حرارة بمجس يبقى داخل الطعام

ساعة إيقاف

ميزان مطبخ رقمي

وعاء خلط كبير من فولاذ مقاوم للصدأ

Tubes that don't throw, a shaft that wanders

X-beater centrifugal-tube troubleshooting.

Flow

History and honest limits

**Henry Skinner** of Attica, Wyoming County, New York, received US 8,596, dated 16 December 1851. A pinion on the shaft's top matched a cog wheel on a metal frame on the lid's middle section, with an arm for the handle to increase the leverage; the side sections of the lid lifted off once the butter was collected. He claimed no originality in the parts except the dasher with inclined perforated paddles and tapered elbow tubes combined. **Honest limits.** Our crank turns the shaft directly, without his cog wheel and pinion; a bucket and printed parts stand in for his tub and tin tubes. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.