Lungisa Isi ye-tattoo Emnyama kusuka e-umsi wekhuni — Umuntu Omkhulu kkunyenye Ishwa yomntu
Ikharboni emnyama yokuya emnyafu wekukhuni kuyishwa ye-tattoo elishwa ukuqala kunye nesavanisi sokucwayiswa abantu. Umuntu onembiliso ye-Ötzi ice-man (c. 3300 BCE, akuthiwa e-Alps) une-carbon particles emsulwa — umyusi owelekwe emilenzweni emunwe. Lolu hlelo olwenso lwazuswe ngokuzisola kuwo wonke umhlaba obantu: ama-Polynesian, amaJapan, amaEgipte, amaCeltic, amaScythian, amaInuit, namaAmerica yesizwe, bonke basebenzisa umyusi wekharboni njengamangcuba emnyama yabo.
Ikharboni emnyama kuyishe ye-tattoo lesimangele. Oku khumiyo okwamandla (ikharboni elumsulwa), ingenamanzi, iyamalunga, futhi inamandla okuvimbela ukukhanya — ayisiyeli, iyabiha, noma ibubuzo emilenzweni. Ngenxa yalesi, ikharboni emnyama ihlala ibe yishe ye-tattoo esebenziswa kakhulu ekusebenza kwe-tattoo namhla. Inkqubo echazwe lapha ivelisa ikharboni elumsulwa, nqobile-nqobile ekuthile emthonyeni wamanzi okanye amafutha amnandi — ifomula eyodwa efanayo esebenziswa kangangezi 5,000 unyaka.
ISIKHATHI SOKULONDOLOZA: Nangona ikharboni ayibulungile, i-tattoo ingumlando ongunqabile owakha ukulinda komilenzweni. Ngokulandelayo, i-infection yayiyindaba enkulu. Le blueprint ilandelela kuphela ukulungiselela ikharboni — akho inkqubo ye-tattoo ngokwayo, edinga indlela ecacilegeni futhi ineyamalunga ukuqukuqela uma imiselwe ngendlela engalungile.
Imiyalelo
Qokelela umyusi wakukhuni kunqulo
Qokelela umyusi wakukhuni kunqulo
Yenza umlilo omncane usebenzisa ukukhuni okumnandi okune-resinous — isiphi, isiphi, noma imisila yebirch ikhiqiza umyusi onele, onobungane obude. Bamba ingcaba yeseramike elisequ noma ipulelo lelizwe kumyusi angaphezulu komunqulo, malunga nama-30-40 cm angaphezulu kwendawo yomunqulo, lapho umyusi ububundane kodwa indawo ayikho ekusulweni okungaphakamizwayo. Umyusi uqokelela njengobulovane obumnene emaphansi engcaba. Gubungula ingcaba ngamaxesha athile futhi ukopukupele umyusi oqokelela usebenzisa isikali seflint noma ithuluzi leqaba endimeni emsulwa. Phinda uze kube lutho lumancane makhe 20-30 g umyusi — lokhu kucelela i-1-2 amahora okulungiselela ngomanelwano. Umyusi wesiphi ukhiqiza izinto ezine-finest, ezimnandi kakhulu emnyama.
Materials for this step:
Pine Resin200 gTools needed:
Ceramic Plate (for soot collection)
Flint KnifeKubulovane umyusi kuya kumbumbulu omunandi
Kubulovane umyusi kuya kumbumbulu omunandi
Suhliselela umyusi oqokelela endimeni yokuzikiza eliserqu. Wusike okonke usebenzisa ilizwe lase-river elihle noma ithempela lelizwe, sebenzisa izikali ezinomandla ezizenzakalelayo. Intengo kukubola nayiphi inyawo futhi ivelise umbumbulu omnandi, onokwazi. Umyusi wekhuni ngokwemvelo uwenziwe ikharboni intambo enobude (iqhubekani 20-100 nanometer), kodwa amaphansi enza ngexesha loqokelezelo. Kusike elikhwela-12 imizuzu efana nombumbulu uziva imilenzweni yakho ngokwesesamiso sawo — akukho ukulunga okufanele kuhlale. Eminye yaleso sokuhlakula kubalulekile yokuhluleleka okufanelekile emilenzweni ngexesha lokwenza i-tattoo.
Tools needed:
Stone Mortar (flat)Umxumanisi namanzi enza ipatsi
Umxumanisi namanzi enza ipatsi
Engeza amanzi acwebi omunwe-noma-komunwe emyusini esike, umxumanisi nesiphi samanzi esimiselwe ngesinye isikhathi. Ufuna ipatsi enamandla, eminye — ngodidi lokunywanywa. Sebenzisa makhe 2 izingxenye zemyusi emthonyeni nganye enye yegranular voliyamu. Amakharboni intambo ihlale emanzini kodwa ayivulini — lokhu kwenza umahluko wokugcina. Umxumanisi okonke uze kuqinisekile ngenxa yentlalela ye-dry pocket ayikho. Ipatsi ye-manzi-esekelwe-umyusi lokhu kuyishe ye-tattoo elilula kakhulu, futhi isetshenziswe ngamasebe amaningi edlule kubandla le-Polynesian hand-tap.
Tools needed:
Stirring Rod (wooden)Engeza amathumbu esilwane njengothiphu (ngokukhetheka)
Engeza amathumbu esilwane njengothiphu (ngokukhetheka)
Ngokwaye ye-tattoo enobude obukhula ethuphe ye-tattoo needle, hlanganya isifundo esincane esamathumbu esilwane esibusisiwe (tallow) — makhe 1 ingxenye yeathumbu emthonyeni-ezine zeipatsi yemyusi. Ushisa amathumbu-noma-noma kuze kube liquid, ngukuphela umxumanisi empatshini yemyusi. Amathumbu asebenza njengothiphu nomqoka, kusukela amakharboni intambo ihlale imiselwe futhi iliphumelele ngokunobula emilenzweni. Amasebe amaningi edlule aengeza amathumbu, ubisi lomama, noma amafutha omhlonzophansi njengothiphu. I-tattoo eyokugqibela ibakhe iminye, emnyama, futhi kancane emafuthe. Amathumbu akukhuni noma umlomo oqoshwe eyakwakucwebi kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-tattoo zeYuropa neAsia etobotnika.
Materials for this step:
Animal Fat (Tallow)30 gGcinela i-tattoo eyokugqibela
Gcinela i-tattoo eyokugqibela
Suhliselela i-tattoo eyokugqibela endimeni yeseramike noma elezwe elincane eline-lid. I-tattoo ihlala ngaphandle kwelinye ikhangile — ikharboni ayisukela, i-oxidize, noma iyabiha iye. Phambi kwesinye sinxulumano, umxumanisi okonke ngenxa yokuthi amakharboni intambo ihlale imsulwe ngelinye ixesha. Uma i-tattoo ibuthathaka, kumbuyisele ngokungeza amacilisi amanzi futhi umxumanisi ebusweni. Le tattoo-amanzi-amanzi eye ye-tattoo ukwenza owabhulukhona-emnyama ematatuu ovela — amakharboni intambo kumilenzweni isiwula ishiya okunungulwa kwakulungile kumaphansi, inika ibusweni eliluhlaza-cebo lolutasithi oluthi tattoo kunangona umnyama omaphansi omsulwa.
Tools needed:
Ceramic Storage Jar with LidIzinto
2- 200 gPlaceholder
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Amathuluzi Adingekayo
5- Placeholder
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