སྒྱུ་རྩལ
མཛེས་སྡུག་དང་བདེ་ཐང
བཟོ་རིག
རིག་གནས་དང་ལོ་རྒྱུས
དགའ་སྟོན
ཁོར་ཡུག
ཟས་དང་བཏུང་རྫས
ཕྱིར་འཕྲུལ་རིག
ཚན་རིག
རྩེད་འགྲན
རིག་རྩལ
གྱོན་རུང
བིལུ་པིརིན་ཊིརིག་གནས་དང་ལོ་རྒྱུས

རིག་གནས་དང་ལོ་རྒྱུས

བིལུ་པིརིན་ཊི ༡,༤༥༥ ཡོད • ཡན་ལག་དབྱེ་རིམ ༣

བིལུ་པིརིན་ཊི (༡,༤༥༥)

Extracting Boron Compounds from Borax — The Desert Mineral That Cleans, Fluxes, and Strengthens Glass
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Extracting Boron Compounds from Borax — The Desert Mineral That Cleans, Fluxes, and Strengthens Glass

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༢༨
Extracting Lithium from Spodumene — The Lightest Metal That Powers the Future
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Extracting Lithium from Spodumene — The Lightest Metal That Powers the Future

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༢༧
Alloying Steel from Iron and Carbon — The Metal That Built the Modern World

Alloying Steel from Iron and Carbon — The Metal That Built the Modern World

Mary གྱིསFI

སྔོན་རབས

༣༡
Alloying Brass from Copper and Zinc — The Golden Metal That Is Neither Gold Nor Bronze
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Alloying Brass from Copper and Zinc — The Golden Metal That Is Neither Gold Nor Bronze

Mary གྱིསFI

རག་རྫས

༢༣
Making Black Powder from Saltpeter, Sulfur, and Charcoal — The Mixture That Changed the World
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Making Black Powder from Saltpeter, Sulfur, and Charcoal — The Mixture That Changed the World

Charlie གྱིསDE

བར་དུས

༧༥
Building a Box Bellows — The Breath That Makes Metal Obey Fire

Building a Box Bellows — The Breath That Makes Metal Obey Fire

Emma གྱིསSE

འཕྲུལ་རིག

༤༨
Making Soda-Lime Glass from Raw Materials — The Recipe That Has Not Changed in 5,000 Years

Making Soda-Lime Glass from Raw Materials — The Recipe That Has Not Changed in 5,000 Years

Mary གྱིསFI

སྔོན་རབས

༥༤
༡༧
Understanding Oxygen Through Combustion — The Element That Makes Fire Breathe

Understanding Oxygen Through Combustion — The Element That Makes Fire Breathe

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༣༨
Generating Hydrogen Gas from Acid and Metal — The Lightest Element in the Universe
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Generating Hydrogen Gas from Acid and Metal — The Lightest Element in the Universe

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༣༧
Understanding Carbon Through Charcoal Making — The Element of Life and Fire

Understanding Carbon Through Charcoal Making — The Element of Life and Fire

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༥༦
Recovering Magnesium Salts from Seawater — The Lightweight Metal That Burns White

Recovering Magnesium Salts from Seawater — The Lightweight Metal That Burns White

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༥༡
Growing Saltpeter from Niter Beds — The Explosive Element in Every Living Thing
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Growing Saltpeter from Niter Beds — The Explosive Element in Every Living Thing

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༡༨༡
Recognizing Silicon in Nature — From Flint Nodules to Quartz Crystals

Recognizing Silicon in Nature — From Flint Nodules to Quartz Crystals

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༣༧
Burning Quicklime from Limestone — The Element That Built Civilization

Burning Quicklime from Limestone — The Element That Built Civilization

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༤༡
Extracting Potash from Wood Ash — The Alkali Element Hidden in Every Fire

Extracting Potash from Wood Ash — The Alkali Element Hidden in Every Fire

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༡༢༥
Understanding Tellurium from Calaverite — The Rarest Stable Metalloid from Gold Ore
ཉེན་ཁ་ཅན།

Understanding Tellurium from Calaverite — The Rarest Stable Metalloid from Gold Ore

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༢༡
Understanding Zirconium from Zircon — The Ancient Gemstone That Clocks Earth's Age

Understanding Zirconium from Zircon — The Ancient Gemstone That Clocks Earth's Age

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༣༥
Understanding Uranium from Uraninite — The Element That Changed Everything

Understanding Uranium from Uraninite — The Element That Changed Everything

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༢༨
Understanding Vanadium from Vanadinite — The Rainbow-Blooded Metal Named for a Goddess

Understanding Vanadium from Vanadinite — The Rainbow-Blooded Metal Named for a Goddess

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༢༣
Understanding Beryllium from Beryl — The Toxic Gem Metal Behind Emeralds

Understanding Beryllium from Beryl — The Toxic Gem Metal Behind Emeralds

Peter གྱིསSE

རྫས་རིག

༣༡